It was by assuming that the fundamental units of elementary gases may actually divide during chemical reactions. This allowed them to be able to calculate gas. Avogadro used hydrogen gas which this relationship was born. * Weight of 1 volume of gas or vapor/Weight of 1 volume of hydrogen= Weight of 1 molecule of gas or vapor/weight of 1 molecule of hydrogen* Avogadro also applied his hypothesis to metals and gave atomic weights to 17 metallic elements based upon
Physical properties include: colour, odor, density, melting point, texture, boiling point, solubility, freezing point, conductivity and malleable amongst others. * * Chemical properties can only be observed once a substance undergoes a chemical reaction/change. Essentially describing how a substance will react with other substances: a change to the chemical formula. Chemical properties include: flammability, toxicity, reactivity with water and heat of combustion. * * The more identifiable properties, the greater understanding of the nature of a substance and its behaviour under various conditions.
a) chemical property c. physical property b) extensive property d. chemical change 8) Every pure chemical compound consists of two or more elements . a) combined chemically b) that can be separated by a physical change c) that cannot be separated d) combined in any proportion CHAPTER 1 TEST continued FILL IN THE BLANK Write the correct term (or terms) in the space provided. 9. The two properties that all matter has in common are _________________________________________________&_______________________________________________. 10.
Title: Separating the Components of a Ternary Mixture Abstract: This experiment demonstrates how to separate the components in a ternary mixture via five methods, four physical and one chemical. The four physical methods are gravity filtration, evaporation, decantation and extraction; while the chemical method is by selective reaction. The components of this mixture are SiO2 (s), NaCl (s) and CaCO3 (s). Via filtration with the filtrate water the residues were NaCl(aq), SiO2 (s) and CaCO3 (s). The subsequent evaporation of the of the water from NaCl(aq) resulted in NaCl (s) which was cooled to room temperature and then weighed.
INTRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL REACTION A chemical reaction is a process in which one set of chemical substances (reactants) is converted into another (products). It involves making and breaking chemical bonds and the rearrangement of atoms. Chemical reactions are represented by balanced chemical equations, with chemical formulas symbolizing reactants and products. A chemical equation is a way to describe what goes on in a chemical reaction, the actual change in a material. Chemical equations are written with the symbols of materials to include elements, ionic or covalent compounds, aqueous solutions, ions, or particles.
Urea is an organic compound with the chemical formula (NH2) CO 2. It is highly soluble in water and therefore, a good way for the human body to expel excess nitrogen.Cinnamic acid has the formula C6H5CHCHCOOH; is a white crystallin acid slightly soluble in water. Materials: This lab consisted of two solid organic compounds Urea and Cinnamic acid. It also consisted of the Mel-temp, a pestle, a spatula, a balance weighed in mg, and tubes to put the organic compounds in. Procedures: First, we were each assigned a group number.
Fraction Distillation Aim/Purpose: The main goal of the experiment Fraction Distillation was to use a technique called distillation to separate a mixture of liquids into three separate fractions. Also, the composition of each fraction is determined by recording Gas Chromatography. Theory: The original mixture that is distilled is comprised of equal amounts of hexane and toluene. Separation of this mixture is based on the differences in the component’s boiling point. Since boiling point and vapor pressure are inversely proportional, the separation is thus based on the vapor pressure as well.
Thin Layer Chromatography Introduction (Adapted from Mohrig, 1st ed., pp. 151-162.) Chromatography is a sophisticated method of separating mixtures of two or more compounds. The separation is accomplished by the distribution of the mixture between two phases: one that is stationary and one that is moving. Chromatography works on the principle that different compounds will have different solubilities and adsorption to the two phases between which they are to be partitioned.
Acid and Base Titration Aim: To determine the concentration of a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide which is approximately 0.1 mol dm-3 Introduction: Titration is an example of redox reaction and is a process of chemical analysis in which the quantity of some constituent of a sample is determined by adding to the measured sample an exactly known quantity of another substance with which the desired constituent reacts in a definite, known proportion. The process involves the gradual adding of standard solution of titrating reagent from a burette. The addition is stopped when the equivalence point is reached. From this point an exact equivalent of titrant will be added to the earlier solution. The completion of the reaction is marked by some signal; this signifies the end point.
Organic Chemistry Preparation of Methyl Orange Purpose In this experiment the azo dye methyl orange is prepared by the diazo coupling reation. Introduction The first step is called “diazotization”. The first product obtained from the coupling is the bright red acid for of methyl organge, called helianthin. In base, helianthin is converted to the orange sodium salt, called methyl organge (1). Reaction Scheme [pic] Although sulfanilic acid is insoluble in acid solutions, it is nevertheless necessary to carry out the diazotization reaction in an acid (HNO2) solution.