As dementia affects a person's mental abilities, they may find planning and organizing difficult. Being independent may also become a problem. A person with dementia will therefore usually need help from friends or relatives, including help with decision making. Most types of dementia can't be cured, but if it is detected early there are ways to slow it down and maintain mental function. Dementia is a collection of symptoms including memory loss, personality change, and impaired intellectual functions resulting from disease or trauma to the brain.
Damage to the amygdala or hippocampus causes loss of emotions and memory respectively. By removing part of H.M.’s temporal lobe which meant some parts of the amygdala and hippocampus, he suffered severe amnesia. He could remember things that happened a longtime ago and even his name meaning that his long-term childhood memory was intact but short-term memory was severely affected. By learning new motor skills but not conscious of them, it showed that the brain has different parts that controlled memory. According to me, H.M.’s inability to recall the words was a problem of consolidation as well as a long term memory problem.
This causes a gradual decline in mental ability. The key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia are the temporal lobe, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebrum lobe and the hippocampus 3. Depression, delirium and age related memory impairment share a lot of the symptoms of dementia. For instance with depression their memory may be affected and they may find it difficult to retain new information, also it is quite common for people to become forgetful as they age. This may be why people mistake them for dementia.
4 marks 3 studies – HM, KF and Clive W MARK SCHEME – KF – impaired stm, unaffected ltm One study which demonstrates that LTM AND STM are different is the study of HM. HM suffered from brain damage due to an operation he underwent to remove the hippocampus from both sides of his brain this was to reduce the severe epilepsy he suffered from. HM’s personality and intellect remained intact but he could now no longer form new long term memories although he could remember things from before his surgery. This could suggest to us that the hippocampus acts as a ‘gateway’ though which new memories must pass before entering permanent
A feeling of being separate and an increasing sense of isolation can occur because the brain is receiving less stimulation. An extensive loss of vision can result in: • an inability to negotiate the environment • a loss of sense of freedom • a loss of security • a loss of control in their environment. Impact on information One of the needs of people with a sensory impairment is to be able to obtain information. Whether it is written, spoken or signed information, it needs to be in an
Dementia Dementia: The word dementia describes a set of symptoms that may include memory loss and difficulties with thinking, problem-solving or language. These changes are often small to start with, but for someone with dementia they have become severe enough to affect daily life. A person with dementia may also experience changes in their mood or behaviour. The key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia are, • Frontal Lobe: This is the part of the brain that controls behaviour, movement, personality and the interpretation of what is around us. • Parietal Lobe: This is the part of the brain that controls the language we use, special awareness and recognition of places, objects and people.
When something stops the cells from doing their job, this usually results in dementia. Dementia affects the key functions of the brain, depending on which area is affected. The frontal lobe is responsible for planning actions and learning new tasks, regulation of behaviour and motivation. A loss of nerve cells in the frontal lobe could result in: * Multi-stage tasks becoming difficult (such as making a cup of tea or cooking) * Perseveration (getting stuck) such as using the same word over and over again or unpacking all clothes when wanting just one piece of clothing * What may be seen as laziness * Becoming lethargic * Becoming violent or losing their temper
The working model memory consists of 4 main parts: including the central executive, phonological loop, and visuospatial sketchpad and episodic buffer - along with rehearsal mechanisms. The central executive is considered the most important of the working memory as it controls attention and coordinates the actions of the other components. Although it has a limited capacity, it can briefly store information. It can store information in any sense modality. The phonological loop has two parts: the articulatory control system or the inner voice, and the phonological store or the inner ear.
Loftus reveals several examples where people have been through incidents where their memory has failed to tell the truth. The experiment show how awful the results can be if the individual exposes inaccurate information. Loftus also demonstrates how memory is prone to error and that individuals can occasionally make errors in what they remember. One reason error occurs is that individual are having problems retrieving and storing information correctly. This mainly occurs because people do not pay close enough attention to the details around them.
Early personality changes can help doctors tell Pick disease apart from Alzheimer disease. People with Pick disease tend to behave the wrong way in different social settings. The changes in behavior continue to get worse and are often one of the most disturbing symptoms of the