Yet, peaceful protests alone could not have achieved such success; factors such as federal intervention played a vital role in the achievement of success also. One example of how peaceful protest led to success in the name of civil rights was the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Starting in 1955 and lasting a whole year it drew attention to the inequalities in Montgomery. This campaign demonstrates the growth of Martin Luther King who represented peaceful protests as a whole, with his famous peaceful philosophy and clever tactics; one of these being creating elaborate protests to draw attention to the issues faced by blacks. The boycott bought 85% of the black community in Montgomery together and led to the establishment of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) by King which continued to campaign for desegregation.
At that meeting Martin Luther King gave an inspiring speech that spread the boycott further among blacks. On December 8th, Martin Luther King held a meeting with bus officials and lawyers. He and the MIA appealed for the desegregation of the service, but were denied. During the boycott, blacks walked, biked, carpooled(private black drivers transported passengers) and hitchhiked to get around. Black taxi drivers offered discounts to black passengers.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 showed that peaceful protests could be effective. In Montgomery, Alabama, buses were segregated, and the NAACP member Rosa Parks one day refused to give up her seat, and was taken to court for her actions. Eventually after a mass boycott of the busses, the Supreme Court ruled that the busses in Montgomery were to be de-segregated. This peaceful boycott shows that the peaceful protest method could be effective in gaining the results that civil rights movement wanted. Moreover such events such as the Freedom Rides, these were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961.
On September 2, the night before school was to start, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus called out the state's National Guard to surround Little Rock Central High School and prevent any black students from entering so he could protect citizens and property from possible violence by protesters he said was coming to Little Rock. Federal Judge Davis granted an injunction against the Governor's use of National Guard troops to prevent integration and they were withdrawn on September 20, school resumed the following Monday. The judge also instructed U.S. Attorney General Herbert Brownell Jr. to file a petition for an injunction against Faubus and two officers of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent them from obstructing the court order to desegregate. Monday Central High was surrounded by Little Rock policemen. About 1,000 people gathered in front of the school, they protested
The Civil Rights campaigns We shall overcome The Civil Rights campaign began in the late 1950s and continued into the 1960s. Martin Luther King insisted that all the action taken should be totally non-violent and peaceful. Serious and brutal violence certainly occurred during the campaigns - violence by white racists against the Civil Rights protesters. There were several notable campaigns that occurred during this period: The Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955. This developed out of an incident where a black woman was arrested for refusing to sit in the 'blacks only' area of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama.
Rosa Parks “To Kill a Mockingbird” is an important book that encapsulated the struggle of a group of people who were unwillingly put on a ship decades earlier, who were discriminated against by something as simple and uncontrollable as the color of their skin. This book highlights the real life situation of people like Rosa Parks who longed for human rights, something that may seem inconsequential. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a racially segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama. Rosa Parks wasn’t an unusual case, many other African Americans were arrested for disobeying the segregation laws before, but after her fearless action, she was much more of an advocacy for every day African Americans
P5 Identify how society is affected by government policies: There are different ways in which the society respond to the government policies such as: Civil obedience: Is when a person or a group of people deliberately breach a policy or law on purpose an example of this is when it happened in the black civil rights movement in the USA in the 1960s when there where racial segregation laws put in place the black people did not like or support these new laws and they believed they should be treated fairly they wanted a change which then led on to the case of Rosa parks in December 1955 she refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man when the new laws said she had to and because she did this and was arrested it then led on to other people standing up to what they believed was right which then led to a case to the US supreme courts deciding to get
This event was very crucial in civil rights history because when the guard was called in, it was the first time that the federal government was used to protect African Americans. This government assistance showed the activists that there was someone watching out for them-. Finally in 1955, the mother of the civil rights movement, Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus, sparking the Montgomery bus boycott in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation is unconstitutional. The ruling in this case reinforced the reactions from the Brown vs.
Kennedy, the strategy was to integrate blacks and whites in the buses in the South. James Farmer the CORE director was in the right path assuming that the racists of the South will give the opportunity to the Federal government to enforce the law. Starting from their first incident since their departure from Washington DC on May 4, 1961, the riders had an idea of what it was waiting for them but the events that took place with these people is beyond the imaginable; bombings, beatings and what is more grotesque than the hate of the whites against the blacks in the South was the leader authorities that pretended ignorance of the events that were taking place in their cities. The suffering of these victims was not in vain, although they did not finish the trip but because of their sacrifice, the segregation in interstate bus travel was outlawed by Robert
This was because they wanted to be able to travel on public transport without having segregated facilities. The black Americans used white –only facilities to challenge the law. The freedom riders were attacked by white mobs and beaten with bicycles chains, clubs and baseball bats. There was very little police protection for the freedom riders. The campaign gained a lot of media coverage and did a huge amount to raise awareness of how black Americans were treated in the southern states this was very effective because having a lot of people know how black people were treated would change their opinion on black people and also put pressure on the government because he couldn’t side with the whites who were abusive and blacks who were performing non-violent protest as well as having to stay government with all the