The Role of Monitoring and Audit in Combating Coruption

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The Role of Monitoring and Audit in Combating Corruption By Remi Medupin, PhD 1. Introduction A major part of the world’s exports of merchandise and commercial services are linked to public procurement. In most countries, public procurement accounts for 15-20% of GDP (OECD 2007). As public procurement accounts for such a large slice of economic activity, the potential of bribery to damage a nation’s economy is considerable. While public procurement can mean valuable business opportunities, it is also exposed to bribery. Such corruption undermines markets and welfare, and exerts a corrosive effect on society by eroding trust in leaders, institutions and business itself. Left unchecked, a culture of corruption can easily take root and is hard to remove. Public works contracts are big business. From major infrastructure projects such as power stations and roads to building public universities and equipping them with telecommunications, government purchasing for goods and services carries enormous financial power. Not surprisingly, competition for government contracts can be fierce, whether at local, national or international level. Corruption is a universal problem that undermines growth and development by diverting resources away from development programmes; its effects are particularly harmful to developing countries and achieving good governance and fighting corruption is amongst the most important challenges facing developing economies such as Nigeria. Corruption in public procurement, which affects countries across the globe, has enormous negative consequences. It diverts public funds into unnecessary, unsuitable, uneconomic or even dangerous projects. The expenditure involved in public procurement, the high degree of discretion afforded to public officials in executing such programmes, and the involvement of many private sector entities in the process all
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