Bacteria will not multiply in dry areas, but as soon as liquid is added, for instance to dried food like powdered milk and dried eggs, the products will provide ideal conditions for bacteria to multiply. However, if enough salt or sugar have been added to foods such as bacon, savoury biscuits, jam and confectionery, this will absorb the available moisture in the food so the bacteria cannot multiply as easily. It is not only moist foods that provide the right environment for bacteria, though. Moist skin or damp areas of an environment will also provide the right atmosphere for bacterial growth. Nutrients Bacteria, like all living things, need nutrients to survive.
They are referred to as pathogens and need to be observed so we can prevent the spreading of disease caused by those particular microbes. This experiment isolated a specific species
Which sex cells join together during fertilization is a random process. New combinations of genes occur, producing genetic variation 2. During meiosis, chromosome pairs sort themselves independently and randomly (this is called random segregation). This produces genetic variation also. 3.
in nature, the bacteria can transfer these plasmids from bacteria to bacteria, transfering those beneficial genes. this mechanism allows bacteria to adapt to new and foreign environments. the continuous resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is due to the transmission of these plasmids. Bio-Rads unique pGLO plasmid encodes the gene for GFP and a gene for resistance the antibiotic ampicillin. pGLO can also control the gene expression of this fluorecent protein.
4. The reason for the national policy for colour coding of cleaning equipment is to ensure that the same cleaning equipment is not used in multiple areas, therefore reducing the risk of cross-infection. Outcome 2 1. The three steps of the decontamination process are cleaning, disinfecting and sterilisation. Disinfecting is a process used to reduce the number of micro-organisms to a safe level for a defined procedure but which may not necessarily inactivate all viruses and bacterial spores.
Assess the effectiveness of safe practices when preparing, cooking and serving food. In a health and social care setting such as a nursery, it is extremely important to follow safe practices for a number of reasons. When preparing food, it is important to follow safe practices as if the person/people responsible for caring for the children do not follow these practices efficiently, it will increase the risk of food becoming contaminated. This is because not preparing the food correctly can cause bacteria to start building up and multiplying, therefore causing it to become contaminated and this will then lead to a possible outbreak of food poisoning amongst both the staff and children who eat the food. When cooking food, it is extremely important to follow safe practices such as getting the pot or pan at a high enough temperature that will kill off bacteria because if the pan is not hot enough, this could possibly provide the bacteria with an opportunity to grow and multiply which will could cause an outbreak of food poisoning, for example, E.Coli.
There is also a direct correlation between HAI’s and staffing levels (Hallinan & Bloice, 2007); therefore health care facilities should ensure adequate staffing to provide appropriate care and environment for the patient. There is a definite correlation between misuse of antibiotics and resistant infections. It is important for antibiotics to be taken only when necessary and exactly as directed (Williams & Hopper, 2007 pg 102). The use of antibiotics in animals has also contributed to this problem (Williams & Hopper, 2007 pg 102), it is important to eliminate antibiotics in animal products. It has been suggested that the use of a “secret shopper” be used to observe hand hygiene practices (Use proven
It is for this reason that Identification of bacteria is very important in the many areas of microbiology (Singh, 2009). There are many reasons for identifying an unknown bacterium. The reasons range from medical purposes, such as determining if the unknown could cause ailments in living things or knowing what microorganisms are needed to make antibiotics to other purposes such as knowing the exact microorganism has to be used to make certain foods (Burton, 2003). Throughout this report we will be addressing the differences in methods of identifying unknown microorganisms and differentiate between the results of these techniques by explaining how each outcome was achieved. The main aim of these experiments is to determine whether the unknown microorganisms are of Gram-Positive or Gram Negative nature and ultimately to determine exactly what kind on microorganism the unknowns are.
Unlike medications, supplement Dietary Supplements 3 makers do not have to prove their products are safe or effective. The FDA, however, can force a supplement from the market if it proves it is unsafe (nutrition.about.com, n.d.). Dietary supplements can be good for the body if there are substances lacking in the body. If a person has diseases, supplements can help control them. It is best to consult a doctor before taking supplements because they can interact with medications, causing bad reactions.
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) may be difficult to diagnose. A health care provider may order tests to identify the infection-causing organism (e.g., chlamydial or gonorrheal infection) or a pelvic ultrasound is a helpful procedure for diagnosing PID. After observing diagnostic test results the health care provider will determine and prescribe the best therapy. PID can be cured with several types of antibiotics. “Samples of the bacteria from the upper genital tract are difficult to obtain and because many different organisms may be responsible for PID” (Stoppler 2012).