Since Bitumen is very heavy and viscous it must be treated so it can be refined and used. There are many oil sands
Today, the government in Alberta supports and new process for extracting oil known as the Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage invented by Dr. Roger Butler. In the SAGD Process, two parallel horizontal oil wells are drilled in the arrangement, about 4 to 6 meters above one another. The upper well injects steam mixed with other solvents, and the other one collects the heated crude oil or bitumen that flows out of the formation, along with any water from the condensation of the injected steam. The foundation of this process is that the injected steam forms a “steam chamber” that grows vertically and horizontally in the formation. The heat from the steam decreases the viscosity of the heavy crude oil or bitumen which enables it to move down into the lower well chamber.
Year 12 HSC Chemistry Notes (Conquering Chemistry) Module 1 – production of Materials Ethylene, polymers and ethanol * Fossil fuels – energy rich substances formed in the Earth’s crust under intense heat and pressure millions of years ago. Originally remains of marine organisms, they were converted into petroleum that is trapped near the Earth’s surface. Fossil fuels can be extracted and refined to provide energy, and the building blocks of crude oil can be used to create numerous materials for human use e.g. ethylene. * Petroleum – mixture of hydrocarbons, consists of liquid crude oil and gaseous natural petroleum gas.
Many useful materials can be produced from crude oil. Crude oil can be fractionally distilled. Some of the fractions can be used as fuels. Biofuels are produced from plant material. There are advantages and disadvantages to their use as fuels.
Many of the major oil companies were born at Spindletop or grew to major corporate size as a result of their involvement at Spindletop. The Texas Company (later Texaco), Gulf Oil Corporation, Sun Oil Company, Magnolia Petroleum Company, and Humble (later Exxon Company, U.S.A.) were a few of the major corporations. The Spindletop oilfield again boomed in the 1950s, with the production of sulphur by Texas Gulf Sulphur Company (later Texasgulf ), until about 1975. Salt-brine extraction became a lucrative operation in the 1950s. In 1963–66 even deeper oil production was achieved with an average depth of 9,000 feet.
Autoclaving is the most common method, it uses steam under pressure to sterilize instruments and is the most reliable method. When sterile or disinfected items are required in the care setting single use, disposable items are recommended. 2.2 Describe how and when cleaning agents are used Cleaning agents are substances which are used to remove dirt, dust, stains and bad smells from surfaces. The purpose of these in the care setting is to avoid the spread of dirt and contaminants. There are many different cleaning agents which will be used in different places and circumstances.
This is because Bentonite clay has adsorbing abilities due to its molecular shape. It has a large area that allows other molecules to adhere to it by the process of intercalation. A way to test this theory is with spectrophotometry. By obtaining the absorption spectrum of a red dye containing PAHs, one can compare that absorption to the absorption of the dye after Bentonite clay has been used to remove PAHs. Materials and Methods: To begin the experiment, the Bentonite clay had to be made.
In 1984, Gulf Oil and Socal merged and because of the antitrust regulation, Socal divested many of Gulf’s operating subsidiaries, and some Gulf refinery and stations in the eastern U.S. Socal know was named as Chevron Corporation. After 2000, Chevron has acquired many companies such as Texaco, Unocol Corporation and Atlas Energy expanding its energy domains in oil, gas and geothermal areas. Chevron employs around 62,000 people worldwide, half of them in the U.S. It has a marketing network in 84 countries and owns the “Standard Oil” trademark. This company has made many strategic alliances for gasoline for testing vehicles with General Motors, Toyota and ford.
1916) This information uncovered new perspectives on hemp and helped me realize and become in favor of the industrial uses of hemp for our world and soil that we live on and use daily’s health, and I hope it does the same for you. This leads me to my next main point. The Hemp seed can be made into oil for cars, and for many other things including food. Hemp oil also burns cleaner then oil keeping our planet cleaner. The most amazing thing about hemp is it can even be made into unimaginable
TCB is relatively similar to Chlorobenzene in regards of being an essential part in the production of dye. TBC is also used as a dielectric fluid in transformers, and at one time used to kill termites (DHSS, 2010). Individuals who ingest drinking water containing TBC can be exposed to side effects such as neurological issues including nervousness, restlessness and/or weakness. Serious more critical side effects may also occur such as tremors, increased heart rate or blood pressure, digestive issues, weight loss, as well as headaches (DHSS, 2010). Individuals working at Ciba- Geigy Corporation may be been exposed to TBC by breathing since levels or exposure are highest where the chemical is made or used.