Dissociative Identity Disorder, or DID, is a severe mental disorder that cause the patient to experience severe dissociation from the environment and others around them. Dissociation is kind of like daydreaming, which most of us have experienced. People with DID experience a “lack of connection in a person’s thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity”, according to WebMD, a reputable site that provides health information (Costello). Many doctors and psychiatrists believe that DID starts because of a traumatic experience and victims of this disorder dissociate themselves from certain situations to alleviate pain and anxiety that the situation may cause. Although many doctors believe this, there is no proven cause of Dissociative
Schizophrenia is defined as a psychotic disorder in which people are disturbed by their own thoughts. Whether it be voices or illusions people that suffer from this illness tend to distort reality. Schizophrenia is usually diagnosed between the ages of 16-30, though it is still being researched today, we are not certain how schizophrenia is developed. Some scientists believe that schizophrenia is caused by a gene malfunction; other scientists say it is caused by family genetics. There are three main symptoms of schizophrenia, delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder.
If these delusions and beliefs are not understandable to cultural peers and not related to ordinary life experiences, they are deemed to be bizarre (The American Psychiatric Association, 2013). These abnormalities are accompanied by negative symptoms, also known as affective or mood
Schizophrenia cannot be diagnosed if an existing mood disorder or developmental disorder has been diagnosed, or if there are organic origins. Diagnosis is complicated by having to rule these things out. However, some individuals do not fit within the categories created. Schizophrenia has a strong co-morbidity with mood disorders that it is considered a fundamental characteristic. Buckley et al (2009) identified the following co-morbidities with schizophrenia and suggested that they might represent sub types of schizophrenia: panic disorder 15%, post traumatic stress 29%,
People that advocates for DID states that it is necessary for childhood trauma to be predecessor and cause of this particular disorder. This evidence is supported by the fact that many patients suffering from DID have described themselves to have some sort of abuse, bad family environment or a mix of both in their childhood. Those that are against the diagnosis of DID state that because many psychological disorders are diagnosed through the self-survey of symptoms. In the case of DID, self report of childhood trauma as well as the reliance on memory. Researchers believe that memory can be suggested to people, for example, if a patient were to mention something about a creepy old man when he or she was younger, the practitioner may sometimes inadvertently hint to whether the old man has done something that they felt uncomfortable with.
A problem of the diagnosis of schizophrenia known as co-morbidity this is when the symptoms of schizophrenia overlap with many other disorders, such as, depression and bipolar disorder. This is a problem because the patient may be misdiagnosed and given the wrong type of treatment which will not cure the symptoms they have and may cause another type of illness. This can be solved by multiple diagnosis this will also improve the inter rater reliability. Reliability is the extent in to which two or more medical specialists have consistent results in their diagnosis. The validity externally is very difficult as there are cultural barriers, as psychiatrists from different cultures interpret symptoms differently resulting in people being diagnosed schizophrenia in one culture but not in another.
This perspective can also be used to explain phobias. This perspective could help us to understand a service user who has a phobia of needles. Freud would say that the phobia is a symbol of an unconscious problem or past experience in childhood e.g. a patient may have been hurt by a needle or had an awful experience – poking around for a vein. Now they are older and may need blood tests, maybe insulin dependent diabetic - they would need psychoanalysis in the day care centre to get over this phobia We need to be careful not to make assumptions about services users – their behaviour may be due to earlier childhood experiences.
Introduction People with borderline personality disorder tend to have moods, unstable relationships and usually a very poor self-image. It is also accompanied by self-mutilation, suicidal behaviour, gestures or threats. The question that needs to be answered is: why is it so difficult to identify and diagnose borderline personality disorder? A detailed discussion will follow in order to gain some clarity on the problems related with identifying and diagnosing the disorder. 2.
Their world will become a distortion of sounds, images, and thoughts difficult to comprehend and causes strange behavior or even shocking behaviors known as episodes (Webmd.com, 2009). Every individual that deals with this mental disorder is not alike. Some people who deal with this disease will encounter different experiences of the disorder. Some people will experience one episode during their lifetimes when you would have others that will have to deals with these episodes throughout their lifetime. There are some people that deals with this mental disorder can indeed go on with a normal lifestyle if they are getting proper treatment as well as the medication that are required of them to take to keep this mental disability under
Schizophrenia is a disorder of the thought process where patients lose a normal sense of reality. They also have difficulty with basic cognitive functions such as thinking clearly and have disorganized thoughts, expressing feelings, and using appropriate behaviors. This disorder is characterized by the presence of strong delusions, which are irreversible false beliefs that patient’s entertain, even when their beliefs are disproved by presenting strong evidence. Another very characteristic symptom seen among these patients is the presence of hallucinations, both auditory and sensory, but predominantly auditory, which reflects an impaired perception of reality. There are several variants and subtypes of schizophrenia based on the patient demographics, severity and duration of symptoms and response to