Religion and Spirituality

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Religion and Spirituality: Synthesis Joetta Willis Northcentral University A strong area of interest for me is the incorporation of religion/spirituality into mental health treatment. As a licensed psychotherapist, it is my desire to provide the most efficacious treatment possible for my clients. As a practicing Christian, I am cognizant of the significance of religious spirituality in the lives of many Americans. “Despite the diversity of religious beliefs and traditions in the United States, one fact is difficult to overlook: individuals in this country are religious”, (Weisman de Mamani, Tuchman and Duarte, 2010, p. 348). There is a growing interest in this topic, and therefore, sufficient research has been conducted and literature is available. As a result, the use of spiritual interventions in therapeutic settings is an area I would like to research and further explore. I have compiled a list of articles relating to this subject for my review with an emphasis on treating African Americans. Spirituality and Religion Defined The literature often clarifies the terms “religion” and “spirituality” for the reader. Religion and spirituality have been described as separate and distinct expressions (Wittink, Joo, Lewis, and Barg, 2009). Garfield, Isacco and Sahker (2013) define spirituality as “a subjective, mystical, and holistic interpretation of personal beliefs, and behaviors” (p.27). Boyd-Franklin (2010) stated, “Religion refers to a core set of beliefs and the formal practice of those beliefs through membership in a church or other faith-based institution. Spirituality, on the other hand, refers to belief in God, the Creator, or a High Power and the power of spiritual beliefs in one’s life” (p. 978). From these definitions, it can safely be said that a person can be spiritual and not be

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