Each neurotransmitter will have a specific effect on specific nerve cells. Neurotransmitters can either be excitatory or they can be inhibitory. When a neurotransmitter is excitatory then they will be able to help communicate a nerve impulse. If a neurotransmitter is inhibitory then it will hinder the communication of the nerve impulse. A good example of a neurotransmitter that is excitatory is known as acetylcholine.
d. Norepinephrine helps control alertness and arousal. It is associated with depression. e. GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter. It is linked to seizures, tremors, and insomnia. f. Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter that is involved in memory.
A) The key functions that are affected by dementia are vision, memory, hearing, language and learning, which the temporal lobe (bottom left front lobe of the brain) is responsible for. Decision making, problem solving, control of behaviour and emotions, which the frontal lobe (front lobe of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Sensory information form the body, letter forming, putting things in order and spatial awareness, which the parietal lobe (middle top lobe of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Processing information related to vision, which the occipital lobe (back lobe of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Memory, attention, thought, senses and movement, which the cerebellum lobe (right at the bottom of the brain next to the brain stem) is responsible for, can also be affected.
The hippocampus on the other side is responsible for the production of corticosteroids (chemicals that produce physiological responses to stimuli). How the mind creates memories is controlled by the hippocampus. So as to work efficiently, the amygdala and the hippocampus rely on each other greatly. The amygdala regulates the responses to stimuli and the hippocampus uses these responses in the formation of both short-term and long-term memories. Damage to the amygdala or hippocampus causes loss of emotions and memory respectively.
Brain Structures and Functions Worksheet PSY/340 Version 3 1 University of Phoenix Material Brain Structures and Functions Worksheet Provide a brief description for each of the following functions: 1. Basal ganglia Located on the outside of the Thalamus. Process sensory information. 2. Corpus collosum Located under the cingulate gyrus.
The main areas of the brain that are affected by dementia in terms of causing difficulties with their functions are: * Frontal Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls behaviour, movement, personality and the interpretation of what is around us * Parietal Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls the language we use, spacial awareness and recognition of places, objects and people. * Occipital Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls eyesight and our ability to see * Temporal Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls our speech, hearing and memory 1.3 – Explain why depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia. Depression can sometimes be mistaken for dementia because with dementia a person’s behaviour and feeling of well-being can change and cause the person to appear withdrawn and this for example might be mistaken for depression. However, if the person is depressed then it could be the depression not the dementia causing them ill-being. Delirium for example can be brought on as a result of an infection and this might be mistaken with dementia because for example the person could become confused and suffer with
Nick’s symptoms are both sensory and motor. B. Do you think the symptoms Nick describes are likely caused by peripheral nerve damage? Could they be caused by damage to the central nervous system? I believe that Nick’s symptoms are likely caused by peripheral nerve damage.
The chemical and electrical signals are necessary in controlling bodily functions – for example language, decision-making, memory, personality, behaviour, sensing and interpreting our environment, and controlling muscle movements. If the neurons and synapsed of the brain become damaged by dementia they may have difficulty or be unable to carry the messages that tell the section of the brain what to do. Depending on the area of the brain affected, this can result in changes to the way the individual thinks, or may result in physical impairments, personally and behaviour changes or the inability to perform certain functions. Area of the brain | Key functions that could be affect by dementia | Frontal lobe | Movement, emotional behaviour, personality, interpretation and feeling. | Parietal lobe | Language, special awareness and recognition | Temporal lobe | Long – term memory, speech and hearing | Occipital lobe | Vision | Cerebellum | Balance, posture, muscle coordination (movement) | Hypothalamus | Regulates thirst, appetite, body temperature and also
Stimuli’s are what transfers to the brain. The brain is dependent on neurotransmitters to send signals for one part of the brain to another part. The neurotransmitters are let go or released by nerve cells, which is what helps in carrying out cognitive functioning. When brain cells are damaged
Explain what is meant by the term ‘dementia’ Dementia is a word that describes a set of symptoms that may include memory loss and difficulties with thinking, problem solving or language. This is caused by a specific disease such as a stroke or Alzheimers which damages brain cells and affects people of any age. Describe the key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia. Produce a diagram of the human brain and identify the key areas of the brain and their function. Using a different colour pen indicate where dementia effects the brain.