Propaganda of Thermopylae

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The battle of Thermopylae, in 480BC, is possibly one of the most remember battles of all time. Despite being a defeat, the Spartans held off the Persian army of Xerxes for two days until their position was out flanked by the secret trail, in the face of insurmountable odds and with the knowledge of a victory being rather improbable, the Spartans and their allies show bravery and courage, which Herodotus in his accounts emphasises. The battle of Thermopylae becomes a moral victory through which all further examples are measured by. Throughout Herodotus’ account of the battle, an emphasis seems to be placed on the Spartan ethos. The scout of the Persians that had been sent to the pass at the Persisn’s arrival at Thermopylae reports the Lacedaemonians were “..exercising naked and combing their hair..” (Herodotus 7.208) The Great King, confused and seeing the Lecedaemonian’s behaviour as laughable, calls on the exiled Spartan King, Demaratus, for an explanation. Demaratus responds to the Great King by saying that they intend to defend the pass against the Persian army and that the Lacedaemonians are practicing custom in preparing to fight until death. Demaratus also adds to Xerxes “if you defeat these men, and the force that awaits you at Sparta, there is no other race that would take up arms against you” (Herodotus 7.209) The coy comments of the Lacedaemonians in the face of the Persian force also give us an insight into the ideals of the Spartan’s. The Spartiate Dieneces, one of Leonidas’ 300, is said to have been warned that the sheer number of Persian arrows would be enough to block out he rays of the sun he is said to have replied “So much the better we shall fight them in the shade.” This laconic quip as well as Leonidas’ response of “Come and get them” (Plutarch 225; 10) when told to surrender his weapons to the Persians, even after the offer of being

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