Outline Lifespan Changes in Sleep

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Outline lifespan changes in sleep It has been found that over a lifespan there are decreases in total sleep time, deep sleep and REM sleep. Also, there are increases in sleep latency (time taken to nod off) and stages 1 & 2 sleep time. Van Cauter et al (2000) carried out a longitudinal sleep study on male participants. Of particular interest was their finding: DEEP SLEEP DETERIORATES IN 2 STAGES. Between 16 and 35 years and between 35 and 50 years During infancy babies sleep more than everyone else and have different sleep patterns. They tend to sleep for around 16 hours a day but it is not continuous. They wake every hour due to a shorter sleep wake cycle than adults and their sleep stages consist of quiet sleep and active sleep: these are immature versions of SWS and REM sleep. By the time they have reached 6 months, a sleep-wake cycle is established with 1 or 2 naps during the day and as a result periods of sleep then lengthen. By the age of 5 children have an EEG pattern which is similar and looks like those of an adult but they are still sleeping more than adults with an approximate time of 12 hours in sleep and they also have more increase with approximately 30% of the total sleep time being in REM. At this stage, it appears that boys engage in more sleep than girls. This is the age where nREM sleepwalking often occurs but disappears in adulthood. During adolescence the need for sleep increases to 9-10 hours. Circadian rhythms change. Teenagers naturally more awake later so have more difficulty in getting up earlier. This is known as a phase delay. Normal adult sleep is 8 hours a night with 25% REM sleep however more sleep disorders such as insomnia and sleep apnoea occur. Sleep time decreases and people have more difficulty in going to sleep and they tend to wake up more frequently at night. The elderly may need to nap during the day to satisfy
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