After Julius Caesar was murdered, Augustus became his heir and raised an army to challenge Mark Antony who had taken control after Julius Caesars death. In 43 B.C. Antony was defeated and Augustus seized military power over Rome. For the following thirteen years Antony and Augustus had battles until 30 B.C. when Antony killed himself.
Chaos was created following the assassination of Julius Caesar. a struggle for power stood between Caesar’s first lieutenant Mark Anthony, and his grandnephew and adopted son Octavian. The struggles between the two were solved at Actium in 31 BCE. Here, Octavian’s navy routed the combined forces between Anthony and Queen Cleopatra. She desired the power to govern Rome’s empire, and to govern a vast Roman world-state.
Arguably the strongest viewpoint is that Napoleon’s regime post-1804 is more obvious and the façade Napoleon established to consolidate his power is dropped. The events of 1804 were not a pivotal turning point in the style of Napoleon’s rule but simply embodied his continued authoritarian rule over France. Throughout Napoleon’s rule he made significant and important changes in the area of Government. After the Coup d’état, Napoleon became First Consul (1800) this power was then increased when in 1802 Napoleon became Consul for life, thereby enabling him to choose his successor. This ability was a feature of hereditary rule yet it can be said that Napoleon’s appointment to Emperor in 1804 is the distinctive turning point in the establishment of his hereditary regime.
By the time of Julius Caesar's dictatorship and subsequent assassination at the hands of the Senate, the Roman Republic was in a virtual free-fall of corruption and struggle for power. The Roman people were tired of the turmoil brought on by decades of war and needed a leader that could and would restore peace, order, and prosperity. Nonetheless, thirteen years of civil war followed Caesar's assassination and during this time Octavian, the grand-nephew and heir of Caesar, came into his sizable inheritance. He entered into a military-dictatorship (the Second Triumvirate) of Rome with supporters of his late great-uncle, was given a senate seat, and was elected consul and granted imperium, all before the age of twenty. Before he was 32 years
There is a letter by Marcus Tullius Cicero, dated 18 December 50 B.C. This letter was written to his friend Atticus on the eve of the Roman Civil War. He wrote as follows: "The political situation alarms me deeply, and so far I have found scarcely anybody who is not for giving Caesar what he demands rather than fighting it out." To explain the situation in brief, G. Julius Caesar had demanded the right to circumvent the Roman constitution, to break laws with impunity, to extend his command over a large army by using that army to threaten the Senate of Rome. "And why should we start standing up to him now?"
Before judging how vigorously Cicero defended the republic we must establish what he actually did in an attempt to defend the republic. Between 55 BC and 52 BC Cicero was largely out of politics however he was called upon to govern Cilicia in 51 BC to help establish a newly passed law that stated there must be a five-year gap between holding office and taking up a provincial command. Though perhaps the greatest act was his passive opposition to Caesar in order to stay loyal to Pompey and thus the republic as Caesar himself was a reformer. Cicero very rarely liked being out of Rome, even hated being out of Rome at points; he intended to be where the political action was –in Rome. However when he was called upon to govern Cilicia after
Augustus Caesar – First Roman Emperor – 63 BC – 14 CE Augustus Caesar of Rome was born with the given name Gaius Octavius on September 23, 63 B.C. He took the name Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Octavian) in 44 B.C. after the murder of his great uncle, Julius Caesar. In his will Caesar had adopted Octavian and made him his heir. Full name Gaius Octavius Thurinus (from birth to adoption by Julius Caesar in 44 BC); Gaius Julius Caesar (from 44 to 27 BC); Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (from 27 BC until death in AD 14) Octavian was a shrewd, brilliant and astute politician.
And after waging a war, the consuls still have to refer any treaties back to the people for ratification. The Senate cannot infringe on the rights of the people because the tribunes, the magistrates elected to protect the people, have the right of veto over any Senatorial decision. The Senate is not completely dominated, however,
Augustus's reforms sought to re-establish Roman government as a monarchy in all but name. How successful were his reforms in stabilizing Roman government? Was Augustus an ideal political leader or a tyrant? After defeating Mark Anthony and Cleopatra in 31 B.C., Octavian was the only individual capable of stabilizing the Roman Republic back to how it had been prior to Caesars death. Although to the public it appeared that he had given back power to the senators, he was still in control how the Republic operated.
The power now rest with the senate ,however there are still position that hold great power, but no kings. This takes us back to our question was his murder justified under Roman laws. Caesar was no king ,however he did make himself dictator for life. Hypothetically if he was king he would hold this titles , Chief Executive , Chief Head, Chief Priest ,Chief Legislator and Chief Judge. List examine the title of Chief Legislator under a monarchy.