Unit 6 Case Study: Zachary’s Story A. An ulcer starts by eroding the mucosa of the GI tract wall. What functions of digestion and/or reabsorption might be lost if this layer is no longer functional? What functions will be compromised if the ulcer eats through the submucosa and then the muscularis? a. Absorption would not happen correctly some of the ingested and secreted may seep out of the lumen.
What functions will be compromised if the ulcer eats through the submucosa and then the muscularis? Absorption would not happen correctly some of the ingested and secreted may seep out of the lumen. This also could create a pathway of entry for pathogens if the ulcer ate through to the muscularis mucosa and also lose some control of defecation. (Jenkins & Tortora pg. 825,826) B.
What are the thymus gland functions? The thymus functions chiefly to develop T lymphocytes. Once mature, these cells leave the thymus and are transported via blood vessels to the lymph nodes and spleen. T-lymphocytes are responsible for cell mediated immunity, which is an immune response that involves the activation of certain immune cells to fight infection. 4.
Case Study: Sannu’s Story Question: Leprosy, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, is leading cause of peripheral neuropathy worldwide; although it is treatable, the damage caused by the disease is irreversible. With Sannu’s, why is there both sensory loss and muscle weakness? Answer: From the repeated injuries Sannu is having repeated nerve damage. When someone has Leprosy and it is untreated they can lose sensation in that extremity due to the body’s defense mechanism. This will cause loss of feeling in the skin and weakens muscle.
LB+:There should have been bacterial growth but no blue colonies because there was an anti-biotic acting against it. LB-: Nothing should have happened because there was no bacteria and plasmid given. 3. One of the plates should have no growth and that was the LB- plate. This happened because the plate was given no bacteria or anything to start growth.
It inhibits histamine H2receptor site. It may not of worked to relieve all the patients symptoms because there could be an ulcer and a bacterial infection that is unrelieved by the medication. 7. A concern with the coffee ground emesis is bleeding somewhere in the upper GI tract. 8.
There could be some damage to the central nervous system but not very severe or the symptoms that Nick exhibits would be more severe. C. Diabetic neuropathies damage peripheral nerves. Which component of the reflex arc is most likely to be damaged in Nick’s situation? The component of the reflex arc that is most likely to be damaged in Nick’s situation would begin at the sensory neuron. Stimuli is still triggering the receptor but the information from the sensory neuron doesn’t continue the arc to the integrating centers to the motor neurons to the effectors which causes the absence of a reflex.
When the aldolase B is not functioning, we cannot process F1P, which causes an accumulation of F1P in the liver. The whole process is stopped and glycolysis cannot occur. The fructose will not be broken down for a source of energy. The role of aldolase B in the breakdown of fructose is in the second step. Aldolase B catalyzes F1P breakdown into glyceraldehyde and DHAP.
When the levels high the patient is said to be polycythemia. If a patient’s hematocrit levels are low they are said to be anemic. High plasma levels indicate hypervolemia, while low plasma levels indicate hypovolemia. When the buffy coat has increased it may be a sign of infection. In the findings they do not show a diagnosis.
Answer the following questions. 1. What could have caused Myelin’s disease? Well, they may be driving at Multiple Sclerosis, for a bonus point, this is more prevalent at high lattitudes and there is a possible negative correlation with vitamin D levels. Other causative factors include lack of EFAs, whereby the body strips EFAs away from the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves to preserve the levels in the brain itself.