There are many beliefs in Orthodox Judaim such as the main belief that the Torah included written law and also Oral Torah, which was given to Moses from God and can in no way be altered. Another many belief is God has made an unbreakable covenant with the children of Israel to follow the Torah. They believe in "Jewish eschatology" which includes a Jewish Messiah and a rebuilt temple, and resurrection of the dead. There is also the belief in the thirteen principles of faith as listed in the "rambam," and believing in Rabbis as interprweters and judges of the Jewish laws. Orthodox Judaism does not have only one movement, instead it has multiple movements which surround its main principles.
Describe the contribution and analyse the effect of ONE significant person or school or thought on Judaism Maimonides' three major literary works, the Mishneh Torah, the Commentary on the Mishnah, which includes the 13 Principles of Faith, and the Guide for the Perplexed along with his leadership of the Jewish community has had a significant impact during his day and beyond. During his time, Maimonides was able to consolidate Jewish communities in the face of the dual threats of persecution from Muslim dominance and challenges of classical philosophy. Maimonides is also influential today as his writings have subsequently become the foundation for much Jewish teaching. The extent of the effect of his contributions is evident in that he is held in high acclaim by all strands of Judaism. Moses Maimonides was born in Cordoba in Spain 1135.
This book emphasizes the content of the text itself, moving beyond debating dates and theories of authorship into understanding how these five books of the Bible help us understand the story of salvation. This book is a good place to start studying the Torah from a Christian perspective. The Old Testament is Torah but it is so much more. Christians are taught that the Torah means law, which in our minds mean rules and regulations that restrict our freedom to do what we want to do with our lives. The Five Books of Moses were the writings most read, most studied and most quoted by the New Testament writers and any and every practicing Judaic person at the turn of the era.
The Ontario Consultants (2008) Web site, Messianic Jews believe in the Messiah, the trinity, salvation and sin; which differs greatly from traditional Jews that believe the Messiah has yet to come. Messianic Judaism followers believe in the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit, the virgin birth of Yeshua, his sinless life, his resurrection, his future Second Coming, and his salvation, which makes them Christians not Jews. The History of Messianic Judaism goes back as far as the First Century CE (Ontario Consultants, 2008). In the First Century, there were numerous sects of Judaism; Pharisees, Sadducees, Zealots, Boethusians, Essenes, and the list could go on and on. The First Christians were called Nazarenes, which were Jews that listened to the message that Yeshua of Nazareth was teaching and began to follow his word.
This is evident in Exodus, the First Commandment is, “I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt […]” From this statement, God is declaring his almighty power and complete authority over his followers. By declaring that he has brought his followers out of Egypt, God is declaring that the Jews, Christians and Muslims must honor and be faithful to him for helping them to freedom. It is also stated in the Ten Commandments, “[…] Thou shalt have no other gods before me”.2 This implies that God is unique and to worship other divinities would mean that one is rejecting his omnipotence. There is no other doctrine that can be compatible or compared to God, because he should be the only one that is believed in. By stating that his followers should have no other gods, God is proclaiming that Jews, Christians and Muslims should not believe in other religions that are not monotheistic.
However the Psalms aren’t just beautifully written words, to an entire nation and to multiple religions around the world, they’re the prayers and praises of a king who’s descendent was prophesied to be the savior of the world. The Royal Psalms are so much more than poetic passages written 3000 years ago, they’re a paramount key to helping us understand the Judean Monarchy, the United Kingdom of Israel, as well as the Kingdom of Judah. The phrasing, description’s within these Psalms, as well as the national faithfulness they imply is incredibly telling of 1050 BC Judah/Israel. The Psalms are incredibly informative of how truly linked the Yahwehic Cult and the Judean Monarchy was, how very influenced the reign of the Davidic line was by the god Yahweh, as well as just how revered the reigning House of David was among his people. First, one must understand that the Judean monarchy had a nearly desperate trust that Yahweh was their ultimate provider and protector (“The Lord is my rock, my fortress and my deliverer”), meaning that Yahweh was also the ultimate provider and protector of the nation of Judah.
The faith of the Jewish population is in the love and power of G-d to bring about his purpose for all humankind, which bases itself upon the omnipotent being appointing them to be his chosen people and for them to set an example of holiness and ethical behaviour in the world. (Hoffman, 2008) Judaism, ceases to be one of the most traditional World Religions that sorely focuses on the Torah, G-d’s instruction, and the traditional beliefs and ideologies in which the religion was founded with. There are many aspects within the religion in which are most commonly interpreted as outdated within today’s modern and increasingly agnostic society and these aspects also allow a subjective opinion to be made on whether the religion of Judaism is lost in time. These vary from the beliefs and ideologies, to the Sabbath, food laws and beliefs upon life, death, sex, marriage and festivals to the holocaust and the variety of dominations that make up the religion, from the most traditional form being Orthodoxy to the predominant denomination of Reform Judaism. The argument therefore being posed is that these aspects allow the religion to be outdated and lost in time in many ways, yet is this necessarily a negative thing?
Law and Gospel in Galatians Sabrina Williams REL 325 Prof Brandt February 13, 2012 Paul’s letters repeatedly address the issue of Law and Gospel. In his letters, he tries to answer the question of salvation. Are we saved by following the Torah or is it through faith in Jesus as the messiah? This is a question that our early church fathers wrestled with and Paul tries to express his view on it and we find proof of that in his letter to the Galatians. During the time of Paul, Jews were so preoccupied with upholding the Law that their lives where devoted to a strict regimented life.
Fortress Press. Minneapolis, 1983.) Paul upholds the election of Israel throughout the text of Romans as while the apostle is driven by his belief that the time to offer salvation to the Gentiles has indeed arrived, the primacy of Israel remains the fulcrum of his theology. The binary understanding of Jew and Gentile is the prism through which Paul understands his mission (“Ἰουδαίου τε πρῶτον καὶ Ελληνος”) and denotes the fundamental Jewishness of the apostle’s worldview. The election of Israel as God’s chosen people and first receiver of his grace underlies even Paul’s most emphatic appeal to the righteous nature of the Gentile; his position is clearly that while the Gentile may indeed be offered a place in the scheme of divine favour (a theme deeply rooted in the Masoretic Scriptures) the privilege of Israel remains undiminished.
Also Islam and Judaism believe in eternal life in Paradise or Hell depending on the good deeds you do in your life on earth. The biggest part of Muslim belief system is the “Five Pillars of Islam”. These five pillars are Testimony of Faith, Prayer, Zakat, Fasting during Ramadan, and the Pilgrimage to Makkah. In Judaism they have “13 principles of Faith” in which they believe in. These 13 principles are only one God, God Exist, God is incorporeal, God is Eternal, praying to only one God, Prophets words are true, the greatest Prophet was Moses and his Prophecies are true, the Torah was given to Moses, no other form of Torah, God knows every thought, God punishes the bad and rewards the good, the Messiah (Jesus) will come, and that the dead will be resurrected.