Metamorphosis Into the Ancient Myth: an Interpretation of a Kiowa Indian’s Identity Search in the Ancient Child

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Metamorphosis Into the Ancient Myth: An Interpretation of A Kiowa Indian’s Identity Search in The Ancient Child Introduction Navarre Scott Momaday (1934-- ) is a Native American author and painter of Kiowa descent. He is enrolled in the Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma and also has Cherokee ancestry from his mother. Momaday’s reputation was secured in 1969, when his provocative debut novel, House Made of Dawn (1968), won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Subsequently, Momaday is considered the founding author of what critic Kenneth Lincoln calls the Native American Renaissance. And ever since then he has exerted great influence on American Indian literature: “Although many individuals participated in this explosion of Native writing, it is the Kiowa and Cherokee author N. Scott Momaday who is credited with inaugurating this period as the beginning of a contemporary ‘renaissance’ for American Indian literature” (Poter and Roemer 207). Momaday’s literary accomplishments include two novels, several collections of poetry, a memoir, a book for children, and a large number of personal, persuasive, and critical essays. In more recent works, Momaday has increasingly integrated drawing and painting with his written texts. Momaday’s long-awaited second novel, The Ancient Child, did not appear until 1989, some twenty years after the publication of House Made Of Dawn. In this novel Momaday shapes a contemporary story against the background of the ancient Kiowa Indian mythological legend—the story of Set, a Native American raised far from the reservation by his adoptive father. Feeling a strange aching in his soul and returning to the tribal land for the funeral of his grandmother, Set is drawn irresistibly to the Kiowa story of Tsoai, in which a boy turns into a bear and chases his seven sisters who later become the stars of the Big Dipper. Having undergone a torturing process of

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