Renal medulla The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids. Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the arcuate arterioles. The arcuate arterioles each in turn branch into interlobular arterioles, which finally reach the glomeruli. At the glomerulus, the blood reaches a highly disfavourable pressure gradient and a large exchange surface area, which forces the serum portion of the blood out of the vessel into the renal tubules.
Hormones, internal secretions that help to control important body processes are also transported by blood to target organs. White blood cells are collectively called leukocytes and they play a major role in fighting infections and diseases. Blood helps to regulate the temperature in the body by absorbing large quantities of heat produced by the liver and the muscles; this is then transported around the body to help maintain a constant internal
The blood vessels are a intricate network of tubes that transport blood throughout the body. These vessels carry blood from the heart via the arteries ,then arterioles, then to capillaries or sinusoids, to venules, to veins and back to the heart. The final component to this structure is blood that delivers nutrients and removes wastes that are a by product of cellular processes that happen within the body. What is its
Our immune system consists of tonsils, adenoids, lymph nodes, appendix (no longer needed when grown up), lymphatic vessels, thymus, bone marrow and our spleen. Lymphatic system The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of conduits called lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart. Lymphatic organs play an important part in the immune system,
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are two different forms of IBD. Crohn's disease is known to affect any part of the gastrointestinal system from the anus to the mouth. Ulcerative colitis is known to only affect the colon. Crohn’s diseases inflammation includes the full thickness of the bowels and ulcerative colitis only the inside layer of the bowels is typically affected. Ulcerative colitis to a greater extent of cancer but both Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are a type of cancer.
The blood from these arteries feeds the organs and systems (cells & tissues). Once the blood has given up all its oxygen it makes its way back through the heart, through the veins. Blood from the lower part of the body enters the heart through the inferior vena cava. Blood from the top of the body enters the heart through the superior vena cava. Blood only flows in one direction through the heart; the two values (bicuspid & tricuspid) ensure that this happens.
The integumentary system is the largest organ in the body. The integumentary system is composed of the skin and the structures related to the skin, which include the hair, the finger nails, the sensory receptors and the glands. This system has an important function since it provides protection to the body, helps to maintain body temperature, and contains sensory receptors. The skin being the largest organ makes up approximately 15 percent of the body’s total weight.1 The skin has two layers called epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis is the skins most superficial layer and it is composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue.2 The epidermis is divided into four or five general layer called the strata.
[= a build-up of fluid which causes the affected tissue to become swollen] There are 3 vessels that carry the remaining fluid, and they vary in size from smallest to largest. The lymph capillaries are the smallest followed by larger lymph vessels then the largest of all, the thoracic lymphatic ducts. A lymph node is a small ball or an oval-like structured organ that is spread widely throughout the body, including places like the armpit and stomach, which are linked by lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes are carriers of B, T and other immune cells, and they act as filters or traps for foreign particles and are important in the proper functioning of the immune system Any variable of incidence.......................................................................... In 2012 it was estimated that 14,610 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer, making it the most common cancer affecting women.
| | Components and function of Blood Blood is used to transport materials around the body, and protect against disease. Blood contains plasma, a liquid that contains dissolved substance, cells and cell fragments. These include the following: Red blood cells | Transport oxygen – this cell in the blood of vertebrates that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues. The red blood cell is disk; it contains hemogbin and lacks nucleus, | | White blood cells | Protect against disease - any of various blood cells that have a nucleus and cytoplasm, separate into a thin white layer when blood cells are separate from plasma cells, and help protect the body from infection and disease. White blood cells include – neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes.
So a drug requires a number of partitioning and diffusion step. In this route drug passes through cytoplasm of cells. This route is suitable for hydrophilic drugs and highly hydrated keratin gives aqueous pathway to the hydrophilic drugs. The drug passes through the corneocytes of stratum corneum. iii) Intercellular route :- Intercellular pathway the drug diffuses through the continuous lipid matrix present between the cells.