These four chambers are separated from each by various valves. The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle and the mitral separates the left atrium and left ventricle. Two valves separate the ventricles and the large blood vessels. The aortic valves separates the left ventricle and the aorta and the pulmonic valve which separates the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle. The blood vessels are a intricate network of tubes that transport blood throughout the body.
It's also found in the uterus and fallopian tubes. The movement of cilia move the ovum to the uterus. Glandular Epithelium are basically columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Some parts consist of such a large number of goblet cells that there are only a few normal epithelial cells left. They secrete substances
Although heart disease has decreased by 30 percent over the last few decades, it is still an ailment that affects over 14 million Americans and the leading cause of death according to the CDC. While there are different forms of heart disease, its single most common cause is coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease (CHD) develops when the coronary arteries responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle (myocardium) become blocked due to atherosclerosis, a build-up of deposits containing a combination of fatty material, calcium, and scar tissue called plaques (atheromata). The deposits primarily occur on coronary arteries on the outer surface of the heart (epicardial). Thus, the major risk factors for CHD are the same as those for atherosclerosis—namely, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood plasma, low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cigarette smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.
“The medulla is further divided into numerous sections called the medullary pyramids.”This region is known as the pelvis of the kidney. The medullary pyramids have urine dripping into the pelvis. The branches of the emerging arterioles of the renal artery usually go along the border found between the medulla and cortex. The smaller branches given off at right angles provided million or more of nephrons into the cortex of the kidney. Structure and function of nephrons/kidney tubules “Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.” The nephron consists of a tubule closed at one end, the other and opening into a collecting tubule.
Having too few or too many red blood cells can be a sign that you have certain diseases. The hematocrit test, also known as a packed-cell volume test, is a simple blood test. The test is done by drawing blood from the patient into a test tube. Once that is done the test tube is put into a centrifuge and spun in high speeds. This displacement causes the formation of three layers.
The blood from these arteries feeds the organs and systems (cells & tissues). Once the blood has given up all its oxygen it makes its way back through the heart, through the veins. Blood from the lower part of the body enters the heart through the inferior vena cava. Blood from the top of the body enters the heart through the superior vena cava. Blood only flows in one direction through the heart; the two values (bicuspid & tricuspid) ensure that this happens.
Mesothelioma most often begins in the pleura or peritoneum. The pleura surrounds the lungs and covers the chest cavity. The peritoneum covers most of the organs in the abdominal cavity. Other mesothelium tissue is also vulnerable to mesothelioma. These include the pericardium that surrounds and protects the heart; the tunica vaginalis testic which surrounds the internal male reproductive organs; and the tunica serosa uteri which is the membrane covering the internal reproductive organs in women.
Liver is made up of thousands of minute lobules, which are functional units of the liver. Among many functions the most important are filtration of blood, secretion of bile, excretion of bilirubin (Patton, and Thibodeau 859). Aging process affects blood supply, cells and structure of the liver. When blood supply process is decreased, liver’s metabolites and detoxification is reduced. Liver cells are reduced with age, without these cells it is hard for the body to carry out processes, which keeps the body healthy.
It is affected by various factor like secretion from glands, content and amount of secretion etc., affect the drug transport through this route. This route consist only 0.1% of total skin surface. ii) Transcellular route :- Drug transport through this route passes from corneocytes which has highly hydrated keratin making hydrophilic pathway. This corneocytes are surrounded by lipid connecting these cells. So a drug requires a number of partitioning and diffusion step.
In patients with Hydrocephalus, the cerebral cortex is much thinner than normal. This is caused when an excess of CSF causes the ventricles to become abnormally large which in turn puts a large amount of pressure on the cerebral cortex and causes it to become compressed. The abnormal accumulation of CSF can occur if the choroid plexus over produces CSF or if any of the ventricles or arachnoid villi in the brain become blocked interfering with the re absorption of CSF. Hydrocephalus causes the appearance of the head to look enlarged and is sometimes known as water on the brain. The amount of excess CSF varies from patient to patient and it seems that the more excess fluid that there is in the brain then the greater the degree of disability for the patient.