“The medulla is further divided into numerous sections called the medullary pyramids.”This region is known as the pelvis of the kidney. The medullary pyramids have urine dripping into the pelvis. The branches of the emerging arterioles of the renal artery usually go along the border found between the medulla and cortex. The smaller branches given off at right angles provided million or more of nephrons into the cortex of the kidney. Structure and function of nephrons/kidney tubules “Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.” The nephron consists of a tubule closed at one end, the other and opening into a collecting tubule.
The lymph vessels collect fluid, called lymph from the body tissues and return it to the blood, maintaining the fluid balance within the body. Lymph filters through the lymph nodes, which are packed with white blood cells known as lymphocytes. These are produced in the bone marrow, spleen and thymus, and they help to protect the body against infections. Spleen: This is the largest lymphatic organ. It is located on the left side of the body just above the kidney.
The abdominal aorta supplies the abdominal walls, viscera, and ends at T4 level where it branches into right and left common iliac arteries to supply the pelvis and lower limbs. The superior vena cava vein receives systemic blood draining from all areas superior to the diaphragm except the heart wall. It unites with the right and left brachiocephalic veins and empties into the right atrium. Both brachiocephalic veins are formed by the joining of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. The inferior
About one centimeter from the celiac axis, you find the SMA which supplies the small intestine, cecum and parts of the colon. There are anatomical variations where there can be a common trunk of the celiac artery and SMA. The renal arteries which are right below the SMA, supply blood to the kidneys, supra renal glands and the ureters. Multiple renal arteries are not uncommon bilaterally. The IMA arises from the abdominal
The blood from these arteries feeds the organs and systems (cells & tissues). Once the blood has given up all its oxygen it makes its way back through the heart, through the veins. Blood from the lower part of the body enters the heart through the inferior vena cava. Blood from the top of the body enters the heart through the superior vena cava. Blood only flows in one direction through the heart; the two values (bicuspid & tricuspid) ensure that this happens.
The arteries carry nutrients and oxygenated blood to the body’s tissues. The veins return de-oxygenated blood to the heart, where the cycle repeats itself continuously. However the blood vessels have a closed type of cardiovascular system in which blood doesn’t come in direct contact with the body tissues. Instead the blood flows in restricted pathways called blood vessels. The blood vessels are pathways of blood flow in the body.
Produces essential proteins and clotting factors for the blood and regulates metabolism and cholesterol. Gall Bladder – Stores bile secreted by liver. Bile is used to help dissolve fats in the small intestine. Pancreas – Functions both as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. Exocrine portion secretes digestive enzymes carried to the duodenum.
As we continue to make our way to the heart, we merge with the right external iliac vein. This is also another name for the femoral vein, and is also considered a deep vein in the lower leg. Its main responsibility is taking deoxygenated blood from the legs back to the heart. It is located right behind the inguinal ligament in the lower abdomen. The inguinal ligament support the area between the abdomen and the thigh (Inguinal Ligament, n.d.).
Hypertension is High blood pressure, which is caused by the higher pressure of blood exerted on the artery walls Arteriosclerosis is a thickening, hardening, narrowing or loss of elasticity in arteries or blood vessels, which results in interference in the circulation of blood. Confirmed Physical Health, online classroom, and learning guide HLTAP401B. Tortora/Grabowski, Ninth Edition, Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, Chichester, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto. How often are they related? They are often related.
What vital functions of the kidneys are performed by the nephrons? A. The nephrons function as a filter and vascular components in the kidney. The nephron begins as Bowman’s glomerular capsule which works with the enclosed glomerulus to make a renal corpuscle. The viscelar layer of the Bowman’s capsule and the endothelial capillary network of the glomerulus come together and form an endothelial-capsular membrane.