Loftus and Palmer 1. In the study by Loftus and Palmer, the subjects were shown film clips of car accidents. Identify two differences between witnessing these film clips and witnessing a real accident and, for each difference, say how this might effect the results of the study. [4] 2. In the study by Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony, the subjects gave different estimates of the speed of the cars depending on how the question was asked.
The term eyewitness testimony (EWT) is actually a legal term, referring to the use of eyewitness (or earwitness) to give evidence in court concerning the identity of someone who has committed a crime. Psychologists tend to use the term ‘eyewitness memory’ instead of ‘testimony’ when carrying out research to test the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. Loftus and Palmer (1974) were interested in the accuracy of memory after witnessing a car accident, in particular to see if leading questions distorted the accuracy of an eyewitness’s immediate recall. Forty-five students were shown seven films of different traffic accidents. After each film the participants were given a questionnaire which asked them to describe the accident and then answer a series of specific questions about it.
Assignment #7 Who Hit Reveille? Vinay Jithendran 11/11/2013 BIO 111-502 Lab Lab Instructor: Matthew Markert Abstract: The examination of evidence, taken from Reveille’s hit and run accident, aided in the investigation of the perpetrator who did so. DNA, fingerprint, blood, and hair evidence was taken from the scene of the crime and compared to the testimonies of the suspects, Bikerman and Maroon Flash. The DNA evidence of the two suspects were observed, through gel electrophoresis, which produces a DNA fingerprint of the culprit. Fingerprint evidence was observed, through specific patterns in the fingerprints.
Outline and evaluate research into the effect of misleading information on the eyewitness testimony. The dictionary definition of misleading information is – Any wrong or misleading information given to the insurer, which may affect underwriting decision. Loftus (1975) experimented the effects of misleading information by showing participants a video clip of a car accident then later splitting the group in half. The first group were asked the simple question “How fast was the white sports car going while travelling along the country road?” This was obviously the controlled question. Others were asked the misleading question “How fast was the white car going when it passed the barn while travelling along the country road?” After a week followed all participants were asked “Did you see the barn?” 17% of the participants asked the misleading question claimed they had seen the barn but only 3% of the other participants said that the barn actually existed.
Now there is question by the prosecutor if the officers saw the husband driving the vehicle or if the officers honestly forgot to put that information in the report. 3. Identify each claimant (key actor) who has an interest in the outcome of this ethical issue. From the perspective of the moral agent—the individual contemplating an ethical course of action—what obligation is owed to the claimant? Why?
As the care got going he showed me what speeds I needed to change gears and how to do that. He showed me that I needed to let off the gas and push the clutch all the way in, then move the gear shifter to the next gear. Pg. 195 Question #5 As an eyewitness to a crime how could you use information in this chapter to improve your memory for specific details? If you were a juror, what would you say to the other jurors about the reliability of eyewitness testimony?
Officer found that their was sufficient evidence to prove charges. QUESTIONS PRESENTED Whether reasonable suspicion existed to permit officers to conduct a brief investigatory stop of the car in which the defendant was the passenger Whether the evidence is sufficient for a jury to conclude that the defendant and his fellow perpetrator planned and intended to kill the victim, and that the defendant’s conduct constituted a substantial step
After finding out that one of the suspects was detained, I would take each witness over to the squad car and let them have a chance of seeing if that is one of the suspects. (Without the suspect seeing them of course). This would also determine whether to make a preliminary arrest and would also justify a search of the suspect’s car and property. While still at the liquor store I would view all surveillance videos and try to see if the suspect detained is caught on videotape or at least try to see if his height and build match Next, what I would do is put the suspects in a lineup and have the witness/victim make a positive identification. Before the lineup is done, whether physical or photo, you have to explain to the victim/witness that the purpose of the lineup isn’t only for identification but to also exonerate the innocent.
Collectively we can effectively tackle distracted driving through complex tactics such as talking cars and enforcement of laws developed. Champagne et al. (2013) suggest education should begin with primary care physicians. Patients should be surveyed and provided counseling on the dangers associated with texting and driving. Community leaders and experts need to get on board in order to stop needless deaths.
Procedure: Forty-five American students formed an opportunity sample. This was a laboratory experiment with five conditions, only one of which was experienced by each participant (an independent measures design). Participants were shown slides of a car accident involving a number of cars and asked to describe what had happened as if they were eyewitnesses. They were then asked specific questions, including the question “About how fast were the cars going when they (hit/smashed/collided/bumped/contacted ) each other?” Thus, the IV was the wording of the question and the DV was the speed reported by the participants. A week after the participants saw the slides they were asked “Did you see any broken glass?” There was no broken glass shown in the slides.