This quality is important because that makes water a good solvent (it can dissolve many things). Other polar compounds and ions can easily be dissolved in water because polar + polar = even distribution of charge, and ions have a charge, so it's attracted to the opposite charge on the water molecule. The ability of water to dissolve many solutions is essential in organisms. In the bloodstream, for example, sugars and other nutrients are dissolved so that the blood cells can carry it to cells in the body. If sugars weren't dissolved, they couldn't reach cells.
This technique prevents the product to contact other reactants, and leave the heating environment which might cause side reactions. The removal of the product also helps to shift the equilibrium position of the incomplete reaction to the right hand side, and prevents backwards reaction, resulting in an increased yield of products. This experiment also introduces the idea of azeotrope. An azeotrope is a mixture of two or more pure compounds in such a ratio that its composition cannot be changed by simple distillation. This is because when an azeotrope is boiled, the resulting vapour has the same ratio of constituents as the original mixture of liquids.
h) A way to make hard water softer is to put an sodium nitrate and create a precipitate to mellow out the reaction. Another way of making it softer is by removing the calcium ions one way of doing that is by boiling the solution to take out some of the ions. Conclusion: Overall, we determined that sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, is the anion that can be used to precipitate the most metal cations. Also, we learned that the anion sodium chloride, NaCl, could be used to remove silver ions from solutions. The stuff that I found interesting was that how many colours you can get when you mix the cations and anions
CHE 111 Laboratory 3 Hydrates Introduction Hydrates Water molecules combine with the molecules of certain substances, forming loose chemical combinations called hydrates. An example of a hydrate is MgSO4•7H2O. This formula means 7 water molecules are loosely attached to a magnesium sulfate molecule. Other examples of hydrates are Na2SO4•10H2O and Ba(OH)2•8H2O. When the hydrate is heated, it easily loses water molecules attached and becomes an anhydrous salt.
It is composed mainly of water and also contains enzymes, salts, organelles, and various organic molecules. The cytoplasm helps to move materials around the cell and also dissolves cellular waste. Nucleus- Mitochondria- This image is from: http://plantcellbiology.masters.grkraj.org/html/Plant_Cellular_Structures3-Plasma_membrane.htm Date accessed: 12/12/14 This image is from: http://plantcellbiology.masters.grkraj.org/html/Plant_Cellular_Structures3-Plasma_membrane.htm Date
Vegetable oil is hydrophobic and there for is not water soluble but alcohol on the other hand is completely soluble with vegetable oil. 3. We know from observing the vegetable oil and water together that the relative density of water is greater then the density of vegetable oil because the oil will always recede to the surface of water. 4. Emulsification agents allow for two unbendable liquids to be combined, the detergent hold properties that both substances can in return blend with leaving detergent dissolving in both the water as well as the alcohol unlike other substances we tried to
Water beneath the surface becomes insulated and less likely to freeze. | Lakes tend not to freeze completely so aquatic organisms aren’t killed as temperatures fall. | Thermal Stability | Large bodies of water have fairly constant temperatures.Evaporation of water can cool surfaces by removing heat. | Oceans provide a relatively stable environment in terms of temperature.Many land-based organisms use evaporation as a cooling mechanism, for example in panting or sweating. | Metabolic | Water takes part as a reactant in some chemical processes.
1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism, describe their chemical composition and use a specific model to describe their specificity on substrates Molecules: Consist of atoms Enzymes: Break the molecule bonds, but need energy to do so – ACTIVATION ENERGY (required to start chemical reaction) 1. The role of enzymes in metabolism 1. Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions occurring in organisms 2. Enzymes are biological catalysts for all processes going on inside cells.
Enzymes are a type of protein which speeds up the chemical reactions which occur within an organism by lowering the activation energy required to start the reaction. 6. Lock and Key- Only a specific substrate is able to fit in a particular enzymes active site as the substrate is believed to be a perfect fit for the active site. Induced Fit- When a substrate binds to an enzyme’s active site, the enzyme temporarily changes shape to accommodate the
Red blood cells and proteins are too big to fit through the pores within the filtration system of the capsule. This means that everything else is filtered out into the capsule as well as the wastes. - Reabsorption is the process that allows the blood to regain the good molecules such as salts, glucose and vitamins in controlled amounts. - Both of these processes combine to clean the blood and regulate body fluid composition. 3.7 Outline the role of the hormones, aldosterone and ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) in the regulation of water and salt levels in