The order model of society demonstrates society as a cooperative and stable system, and any problems are immediately attributed to the people and not the society. Social phenomena not brought to the surface would be 2. What is the conflict model of society? On what kinds of social phenomena does it focus? What social phenomena are neglected from this perspective?
Group decision making is a type of participatory process in which multiple individuals acting collectively, analyze problems or situations, consider and evaluate alternative courses of action, and select from among the alternatives a solution or solutions (Arnold et al.,2008). The number of people involved in group decision-making varies greatly. The individuals in a group may be demographically similar or quite diverse. Decision-making groups may be relatively informal in nature, or formally designated and charged with a specific goal. The process used to arrive at decisions may be unstructured or structured.
Decision making with your employees will let them gain respect for the leader and become more determined. This style will bring strength between you and your employees. Laissez-Faire-This style is used when the leader is lazy or distracted, it’s more of a you do what you want style. This style can be used when the team is highly capable and motivated, it’s when the team doesn’t need close monitoring or supervision. This style can cause failure when the leader expects the group to make the decision between themselves when they are un sure about what they need to achieve and how they need to accomplish the task.
This results in a controlling supervisory system where employees are usually not consulted concerning major decisions. System II organizations uses rewards that are used to motivate employees with some freedom being allowed to state their opinion on organizational decisions. Although system II allows some openness, managers have the primary decision making responsibility but employees in the organization must act carefully. Without being cautious their opinions could cause conflict. In System III organizations are very open to employee conversations regarding the managerial decision making process and management threats are avoided.
Influencing Factors The art of management is to get a diverse group of individuals to use their intelligence, skills and abilities to achieve organizational goals. That is a polite way of saying the job of management is to control the actions of others for the purpose of achieving another’s objectives. The problem is people do not like to be controlled or oppressed. Nobody seems to like a dictator. The most effective leaders seem to possess the ability to persuade others to cooperate and collaborate rather than dictate behavior.
If relying on one expert solely for facts and information, it is best to be sure the person is reliable so not to cause delays and embarrassment. A person with reverent power is one that is well liked by subordinates. It is an advantage when subordinates want to agree with the person in power. However, it can become a disadvantage when the subordinates agree blindly rather than challenge a reverent person’s misguided ideas. A person or company using reward based power may offer people bonuses, gifts, additional vacation time, or other things desirable when the individual or group have performed exceptionally.
They are seldom concerned about facts and details and try to avoid as much as possible. Interactive styles are idea people. They have can get others caught up in their dreams because of their good persuasive skills. They influence others and shape their environment by bringing others into alliance to accomplish results. They seek approval and recognition for their accomplishment and achievements.
2. The work-space for them should be: * Interaction face-to-face rather than indirectly * The situation has a minimal number of rules and regulations, allowing latitude for improvisation * The jobs which require bargaining skills or offer substantial rewards for winning * Avoid the ends cannot justify the meaning of the missions Type B An individual of Type B never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience, they can relax without guilt and so on. The work-place for them should be: * More attention on motivating them * More regulations and rules that make sure they do not waste time * Powerful leaders to lead, control and monitor them. * Reward system to motive them Q5: What impact has Hofstede’s model made? 1.
Even if these views or ideas are beneficial to the team. Employees are not allowed to criticise or question the way in which the leader gets things done. Employees will be expected to obey orders without being given an explanation. A manager working with this style of management will motivate staff by creating a structured set of rewards and punishments. (essortment.com, 2011) The advantage of working with this style is that
There is usually a desire to please one another. Generally, both people respect and accept one another’s wishes. In work situations, however, one party is often not free to object to another’s behavior. In the relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate, the subordinate must follow the instructions of the supervisor or risk negative consequences, such as losing the job. We expect the supervisor to make demands that are related to business( Howard, Linda Gordon 2007).