German Post War Migration

1443 Words6 Pages
For decades Germany has not viewed itself as a country of immigration. These views were reflected both in public opinion and through German constitution and citizenship law. Germans have traditionally viewed their nation as an ethnically defined nation-state,[i] and have long perceived immigration to be a temporary measure. However the continuous influx of migrants in the years following 1945 contradicts this viewpoint. As the geographic and cultural distances of immigration countries have increased over time, so has the ethnic composition of Germany. [ii] As such the public perception of immigrants has undergone a great deal of change over time. The history of immigration to Germany can be separated into four distinct phases. In the immediate Post-war years, immigration mainly consisted of ethnic German Refugees expelled from Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. In the period from 1955 to 1973 the West German Government sought to address labour shortages via labour recruitment from within Europe using the ‘guest worker’ policy, the recruitment of labour from mainly Mediterranean countries on temporary contracts. This policy was soon abandoned due to the high cost of training new arrivals, by extending existing contracts which reinforced the permanency of guest workers[iii] In the wake of the 1973 Oil crisis and subsequent economic downturn, The West German government attempted to curb migration inflows, and the recruitment of guest workers was stopped. The main source of migration consisted of the families of existing migrants joining them. The final phase of migration followed the dissolution of socialism and the Soviet Union, which led to an inflow of people from Eastern Europe. Conflicts and Civil wars also categorised this period, as a large amount of asylum seekers entered Germany due to their generous asylum seeker policies. [iv] Post War East
Open Document