* Social Control- Teaching acceptance of rules and values. * The political role- Teaching people to be effective citizens. 2) How would functionalists explain the purpose of education? Functionalist such as Parson believes that the purpose of education is to perform a beneficial role in the society. One way to perform a beneficial role in the society is to learn the skills and knowledge from school that is necessary to work in a modern, technical, industrial society e.g.
Social Cognitive * Affective learning processes Self regulated learning tends to be influenced by an individual’s emotions, behaviors, and their cognitive processing (Schunk & Zimmerman, 1997). This is a process that will orient the individual in achieving their goals by self generating (Schunk & Zimmerman, 1997). Schunk and Zimmerman (1997) stated that the self regulated learning process can also be considered as an academic self regulation process which has been studied over the years throughout different classrooms. The students taking the course learn how to use motivation, cognition, and behavior to improve their learning skills. These students who use motivational beliefs also utilize more self regulation learning skills (Schunk & Zimmerman, 1997).
In order to gain a better understanding of how an individual can attain educational success, one has to examine other social constructs such as class, race and gender. This essay aims to discuss the theory of cultural capital in determining an individual’s chances of obtaining education success by reference to the notions of race, class and gender. Education is a type of socialisation, and institutions such as schools and universities play a key role in the socialisation process. Through socialisation, individuals learn and internalise knowledge, values, norms and other aspects of culture, which would prepare them for their roles in the society (Thirumaran, 2014). However, many individuals possess cultural capital before they even begin their educational journey.
The interaction of nature and nurture is clearly described in social learning theories. A behavior is observed and learned, and the individual responds to their environment using learned behaviors and their own judgment on the situation. 2. Which theories emphasize the impact of early experience on development? Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory consists of eight stages and describes the impact of early experiences and experiences over the lifespan from childhood to adulthood (Cherry, 2013).
Outline the functionalist perspective on the role of education Sociological functionalist have identified education as a crucial part of the socialisation process as it transmits and reinforces society’s norms and values, prepares children for adult roles and selects young people in terms of their abilities for crucial roles. This essay outlines Durkheim’s, Parsons and Davis and Moore’s perspective on how education creates an impact on the structure of society. Durkheim’s perspective on the role that education had on society was that it shapes an individual and prepares them for the ‘real world’; beyond their comfort zone. He argued that, in complex industrial societies, schools serve a function which cannot be provided by the individuals’ family nor their peer group. For us, school is a miniature version of society as it provides us with skills that we need once we enter work or when starting a family also, the experience prepares us for interacting with members of society and the rules that society has.
Depending on your personal achievement will determine how well you do. He expresses his feelings that schools prepares children from moving on from family to society and how society is meritocratic likewise within education. However as functionalists see education as society and schools based on
The education system creates this effectively by teaching subjects such as history, which enables children to see the link between themselves and wider society. He argues that one of the two main functions of education is creating social solidarity. Social solidarity means individual members feel themselves to be a part of a single community or group. Education encourages social solidarity through several ways. E.g.
Cultural analysis involves culture weighing and assimilation in the curriculum. In the curriculum design context, cultural analysis is defined as a process of choosing from available options of culture. It involves weighing of the options which are of value to include in the curriculum for desirable outcomes in individuals in a society. Culture comprises material and non-material aspects. Material culture includes craft, art, dress, technology and sculpture.
Bandura holds that behavior is learnt through observational learning process from the environment. Children observe the individuals around them behaving in certain ways. The paper, therefore, focuses on explaining what social learning theory is in detail through looking at its implications on children. In this theory, people that are being observed are known as models. In all societies, children are surrounded by a variety of influential objects including guardians or parents in the family, friends in their peer groups, teachers at schools and religious institutions, and characters on television (Akers, 2009).
When revisiting Krashen and Vygotsky , their philosophical view of language is viewed as a tool that is best used when the individual feels that it is important, natural, and relevant to them in Vygotsky’s view, the collaborative interaction of learners as part of a social system within the classroom takes place between students who are MKOs (More Knowledgeable than Others), and their peers. The cooperative learning with MKOs helps empower their peers to absorb new information, and to allow learning to take place as a process. Vygotsky theorizes that this process occurs within a student’s ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development) and that the goal of the relationship between the MKOs and their peers is to extend the peers’ ZPD by increasing the knowledge, and expanding their learning potential (Vygotsky, 1978). Concisely, both Bandura and Vygotsky concide in that the learner’s role within a society that invites the acquisition of new behaviors and skills is the underlying motivator that enables the learning to occur. This is how, whether cognitively, intra or inter psychologically, socially, or behaviorally, these theorists embody the promotion of social change through the theoretical notions of learning and acquisition that are promoted in their philosophical benchmarks.