The jury will sympathize with the defendant, because they believe that they were treated or charged because of race. Jury Nullification has become very controversial because a number of well-known African American scholars encouraged Black jurors to acquit Black defendants Ethnicity not only influences courtroom proceedings and judicial practices, but also practices prior to and following. Because racism still exists within the world, it will continue to overlap within the criminal justice system. According to McNamara and Burns (2009), research suggests that a higher percentage of Hispanics and African Americans were more likely than White to face criminal charges There are various arguments for and against ethnicity- based jury nullification. The pros of race-based jury nullification include: guilty offenders are kept incarcerated, fair trials are warranted, and last but not least there is one
There are four types of discrimination, the first is individual discrimination. Individual discrimination is the behaviour of one person to another or a group of people, the next is institutional discrimination; this is when discrimination is built into the way the institution is run. Next is overt discrimination, this is when an individual or institution knowingly treats someone unfairly on the bias of race, gender, etc. The last is covert discrimination, this discrimination in subtle, for example applying criteria that people will be unable to meet, this type can be intentional or unintentional. Discrimination can be seen in practise with stereotyping, labelling, disempowering, abusing, bullying, abuse of power, infringements of rights and over-riding individual’s rights.
Disparity and Discrimination Introduction Many people tend to believe that disparity and discrimination are one in the same. However, that is not the case they are actually more different than they are similar. In order to determine if an area is struggling with disparity or discrimination a person would have to look at how many people live in a certain area, what their races are, what was the arrest percentages for those groups, what were the conviction rates for those groups and what is the percentage of people in those groups who are housed in a jail system (Collective & Jones, 2009). Disparity Disparity means that there is a difference in a certain group. Such as cities there is a difference in the amount of races within that area.
Structured Inequality in the Justice System Brianna Fanello Chamberlain College of Nursing STRUCTURED INEQUALITY IN THE JUSTICE SYSTEM Racial profiling has been used by law enforcement to stop, detain, question, search, and sometimes justify the use of excessive force against African Americans, Latinos, Arab Americans, Muslims, and other minority groups. According to the U.S. Justice Department, in 2003 about 10.4 percent of all African American men between ages 25-29 were incarcerated, as compared to 2.4 percent of Hispanic men and 1.2 percent of Non-Hispanic White men. This is evidence that higher poverty populations have more problems with the prison system. This paper will take an in-depth into these startling statistics. Furthermore, it will look how racial profiling is unnecessary in keeping Americans safe, as well as how racial profiling impacts our society as a whole, and solutions for the future.
The Ministry of Justice states that members of the black communities are seven times more likely than white people to be stopped and searched , three and a half times more likely to be arrested, and five times more like to be sent to prison. However, such statistics do not tell us whether members of one ethnic group are more likely than members of another group to commit an offence in the first place – they simply tell us about involvement with the criminal justice system. For example, differences in stop and search or arrest rates may simply be due to policing strategies or to discrimination by individual officers, while differences in rates of imprisonment may be the result of courts handing down harsher sentences to minorities. In addition to statistics on the ethnicity of those individuals who are involved with the criminal justice system, we can call on two other important sources of statistics
In this novel, racism towards black people is very present. Even if slavery had been abolished at that time, black people were still inferior to the white population. For instance, to identify coloured men, they called them “niggers”, which was even allowed in a court room while giving a statement (247). This observation clearly demonstrates how little respect white folks had for blacks. The name “nigger” was used commonly as if it had no pejorative signification.
If the only reason to pull someone over depends on his or her race, this causes a discriminatory impact. Police departments begun to review data on stops and change police officers behaviors, arguments and attitudes towards the leading of stereotype based discriminatory treatment. (Racial profiling, 2012) This researcher frowns much upon racial profiling but with surveys conducted every day on who is likely to commit a crime, and what age, and what sex, and what minority group then people tend to lean towards these surveys proving that race is a huge part of crime involvement. In conclusion, criminal profiling works as an investigative tool to help solve crimes. Criminal profiling has come a long way and still needs a lot of improvement.
Racial Profiling is when a single group or race is singled out and watched closely because the police feel that they are more likely to commit crimes. The example that is most common is “driving while black”. This means that black people are pulled over and searched more often then others. Racial Profiling is currently illegal but it still happens. Racial Profiling is a violation of the people’s civil rights.
In this regard, the media contributes to discriminatory practices by portraying African Americans as a group that engages in criminal activity, drug use and welfare abuse. Blacks are not just highlighted in the news media negatively, but are also cast in television roles that support negative stereotypes. According to Schaefer (2008) nearly half of the minority characters on television appeared as criminals compared to only five percent of whites. Oddly enough these images are never seen as individual acts but associated with a whole group of people. These images are what shape our beliefs, determine what we consider is good or bad and who we associate with goodness or badness.
With society’s focus on punishment and retribution towards criminals, it is often forgotten that one of the main purposes of prison is rehabilitation. Orange is the New Black provides a representation for woman inmates in a media dominated by crime shows depicting all criminals as the bad guys. Humanizing inmates, OITNB shows how almost anyone can become a criminal, especially with a focus towards minority women growing up with inadequate needs. Abuse of power among prison guards, long-term exposure to social isolation, and racial bias may fit towards the punishment ideology but do little towards rehabilitation. As depicted throughout the series, the extreme isolation of prison negatively effects all inmates.