Robyn believes that medication can be helpful, but she does give valid points about how it is over used. There is no one true norm for a human mind. By changing how the brain acts just to mask the troubled area, doesn’t help to find the root of the problem. Sarah says in her paper that pain (a problem) in our life is a response to our life. When experiencing “pain”, one reassesses and rebuilds, or takes a pill to cover it up.
Bradstreet’s use of metaphor allows her to relate the complex relationships of being a parent to being an author. When the narrator calls her creation her “ ill-formed offspring of [her] feeble brain” she draws parallels between how parents can feel about their children when frustrated (line 1). The narrator refers to her work as a “ rambling brat” to show how difficult it is to accept something she has created (7). The narrator seems to feel this difficulty not only as an author but also as a mother. As a frustrated parent feels the narrator once again uses the metaphor of a child to describe how an author feels when their work does not turn out how they wanted.
These theories are different because Psychodynamic theory deals with mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and nonschizophrenia psychotic disorders. These people hear voices in their heads telling them what to do, as for people with behavioral disorder do what they were praised for doing as a child and with a personality disorder, they lacked the love and attention and do what they see
However, token economy has issues, such as that you could argue that you are taking away patient’s basic rights to use as rewards. Another criticism which shows why token economy may not be and appropriate and effective therapy is that it has low ecological validity; it may not transfer into the real world. Once patients are away from institutions, they often discarded desirable behavior as there are no longer any rewards to reinforce it. Another disadvantage is the ethical issues surrounding the use of behavioral therapy. It could be argued it doesn't really help the patient; it just makes their behavior more acceptable to others.
Coates et al propose that the trauma led to a cross gender fantasy as a means of resolving the ensuing anxiety. Another psychosocial explanation is the effect of mother-son relationships. Stoller found that GID is often a result of distorted parent attitudes. He interviewed GID individuals and found that the majority displayed overly close mother-son relationships. Therefore, this may have led to greater female identification and confused gender identity.
Another characteristic may be a child showing a preference for playing with and sharing in stereotypical games of the opposite sex. The characteristics once exhibited may be a sign of gender dysmorphic behaviour in children stated by the DSM IV. There are two major explanations for the development of gender dysphoria; the psychological and biological explanation. The psychological explanation states that gender dysmorphia is due to two factors; separation anxiety and parental influence. The first adopts a psychodynamic approach and refers to a child’s anxiety when separated from a primary care giver.
People with antisocial disorder will act instead of feel; they find it difficult to talk about their personal emotional experiences. The feelings of helpless and a scared victim during childhood stage makes them want to scare and victimize others when they grow up (Hansel & Damour, 2008). Furthermore, the psychodynamic aspect also delves into analyzing early childhood attachments of individuals with antisocial personality disorder. Gabbard (2000) stated that “normal parent-child attachment paves the way for the internalization of a morally guiding superego and the ability to empathize with others. People with antisocial personality disorder show abnormal superego functioning and a lack of empathic ability to imagine how others feel, presumably due to disrupted parent-child relationships” (Hansel & Damour, 2008, p.
On this test the abusing mothers indicated a high current level of attachment disorder, primarily anxious attachment, but with some tendency toward detachment as well. Thus the abusing mothers in the study demonstrated their overall sensitivity to separation, especially mild separation, and their feelings of helplessness anxiety, and anger in response to significant separation experiences. DeLozier suggest that these findings support the prediction that the abusing mothers in the study have experienced difficulty in their childhood attachments and in the development of internal representations of significant others as accessible and reliable, resulting in consequent adult attachment difficulties as well as in possible difficulties in the development of appropriate care-taking behaviour. There are implications that DeLozier perceives from her research and she summarises them as
Therefore, according to the latest studies of some organizations such as children protection, spanking can create physiological problems such as depression in a child. It makes parents believe that spanking children can harm their children. Spanking children is not a good way to discipline them because children can get some mental problems. For example, children who are usually spanked by their parents believe that they hate them, so children get depression because of spanking. Children can also get mental problems because of spanking such as killing themselves.
There are several ways CBT aims to do this; one technique getting the patients’ reality-test their hallucinations and delusions. This attempts to show the schizophrenic that their cognitions are incorrect, so they might learn to correct them. Evaluation A positive of CBT is that it puts the power in the hands of patient, as it equips them with what they need to fight schizophrenia. Senksy et al found that CBT was effecting for patients for whom drug treatment hadn’t worked. Also Senksy found it helped with both positive and negative symptoms, and patients continued to improve after the therapy course had finished.