Describe the transcription process that results in synthesis of an RNA molecule. The use of one strand of a DNA molecule as a template. 5. a. Contrast the functions of the three types of RNA molecules. Messenger RNA (mRNA) – copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message to the ribosome.
21. Describe the process of translation. Describe how mRNA translates the message into a protein? How are the amino acids brought to the ribosome? 22.
mRNA goes to ribosomes in cytoplasm ! ____________________________________
Translation is when the mRNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids (protein). It takes place on the ribosome, in the cytoplasm. 2. What is the three letter base sequence called on mRNA? codon 3.
What type of RNA is made as a result of transcription? tRNA is made as a result of transcription. What process in the cell cycle allows for DNA replication and what phase is DNA replicated? The process in the cell cycle that allows for DNA replication is the S phase during Interphase. What happens in Metaphase?
The strand acts as a template and is transcribed to mRNA. The strand that does not carry cistron is called a non-transcribing strand. An enzyme RNA polymerase attaches itself to the promoter site next to the cistron on the DNA. This triggers the start of transcription. The enzymes move around the DNA section.
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3. Describe each stage of the flow of information starting with DNA and ending with a trait. Information will start with the DNA traveling to the RNA and into the protein. This information flow will also be followed through the cell as it travels from the DNA in the nucleus, and the Cytoplasm, then to the Ribosomes and the Endoplasmic Reticulum, and finally to the Golgi apparatus, this system packages the final products for export outside the cell (Science Daily, 2013). Reference UIC.edu.
7. The figure to the right shows that injection of M-phase cytoplasm into an oocyte triggers the cell to enter mitosis. What would be the expected effect on cell division if cytoplasm from a G2-phase cell were injected into an M-phase cell? A. DNA replication would begin again. B. activation of all cyclin-CDK complex in the cell.
Along the lagging strand's template, primase builds RNA primers in short bursts. DNA polymerases are then able to use the free 3'-OH groups on the RNA primers to synthesize DNA in the 5'→3' direction. The RNA fragments are then removed by DNA polymerase I for prokaryotes or DNA polymerase δ for eukaryotes (different mechanisms are used in eukaryotes and prokaryotes) and new deoxyribonucleotides are added to fill the gaps where the RNA was present. DNA ligase then joins the deoxyribonucleotides together, completing the synthesis of the lagging strand. [edit] Primer removal In eukaryotic primer