Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Congestive Heart Failure or CHF is a severe circulatory congestion due to decreased myocardial contractility, which results in the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs. In general, causes can be classified according to the following: a. Volume overload may cause the right ventricle to hypertrophy to compensate for added volume. b. Pressure overload usually results from an obstructive lesion, such as COA c. Decrease contractility can result from problems such as sever anemia, asphyxia, heart block and acidemia. d. High cardiac output demands occur when the body’s need for oxygen exceeds the heart’s output…show more content…
Failure of one chamber causes reciprocal changes in the opposite chamber; Weakness and fatigue; Poor feeding, resulting in weight loss; Developmental delays; Irritability; Pallor and cyanosis; Dyspnea, tachypnea, orthopnea, wheezing, cough, weak cry, grunting, mild cyanosis and coastal retractions; Tachycardia; Hepatomegaly; Weight gain from edema, ascites and pleural effusion; Distended neck and peripheral veins; Sweating Nursing Diagnosis: Activity intolerance r/t generalized weakness; imbalance between oxygen supply and demand Goal: Participates in prescribed physical activity with appropriate increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate Nursing Interventions and…show more content…
Central nervous system disturbances may be noted with decreased cardiac output. •Observe for chest pain or discomfort; note location, radiation, severity, quality, duration, associated manifestations such as nausea, and precipitating and relieving factors. Chest pain/discomfort is generally indicative of an inadequate blood supply to the heart, which can compromise cardiac output. Clients with heart failure can continue to have chest pain with angina or can re-infarct. •If chest pain is present, have client lie down, monitor cardiac rhythm, give oxygen, run a strip, medicate for pain, and notify the physician. These actions can increase oxygen delivery to the coronary arteries and improve client prognosis. •Place on cardiac monitor; monitor for dysrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is common in heart failure. •Watch laboratory data closely, especially arterial blood gases and electrolytes, including potassium. Client may be receiving cardiac glycosides and the potential for toxicity is greater with hypokalemia; hypokalemia is common in heart clients because of diuretic
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