1899: Sudan comes under British/Egyptian rule. 1916: Sultanate of Darfur incorporated into Sudan. 1955: First civil war begins between the South and North. 1956: Sudan achieves independence. 1958: General Abbud leads the first military coup against the civilian government.
Anwar el-Sadat was born on December 25, 1918, in the town of Mit Ab al-Kawn located in Egypt. Anwar el-Sadat served the military in his early life before helping overthrow the monarchy of the country in the early 1950’s. He would end up serving as vice president of egypt before becoming president in 1970. During his term, Egypt faced great internal political instability. Sadat would later end up earning the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize for entering into peace agreements with Israel.
He variously styled himself as "the Brother Leader" and "Guide of the Revolution"; in 2008 a meeting of traditional African rulers bestowed on him the title "King of Kings. After seizing power in 1969, he abolished the Libyan Constitution of 1951. He established laws based on the political ideology] he had formulated, called the Third International Theory and published in The Green Book. After establishing the jamahiriya ("state of the masses") system in 1977, he officially stepped down from power and had since then held a largely symbolic role within the country's offical governance structure. Rising oil prices and extraction in Libya led to increasing revenues.
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death. A colonel in the Egyptian army, Nasser led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 along with Muhammad Naguib, the first president, which overthrew the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan, and heralded a new period of modernization, and socialist reform in Egypt together with a profound advancement of pan-Arab nationalism, including a short-lived union with Syria. Nasser is seen as one of the most important political figures in both modern Arab history and politics in the 20th century. Under his leadership, Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal Company and came to play a central role in anti-imperialist efforts in the Arab World and Africa. The imposed ending to the Suez Crisis made him a hero throughout the Arab world.
Nasser was a colonel in the Egyptian army and was the leader of the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 along the first president, Muhammad Naguib, who overthrew the Sudanese and Egyptian monarchies and constituted the republic of Egypt. He was a core participant in the Free Officers movement that sought to unseat the Egyptian monarchy and end the British occupation. He also led the Free Officers in a coup d'état in 1952, overthrowing the ruling dynasty under King Faruq. What is interesting is that both Gamal Abdel Nasir and General
But the French were opposed by a Vietnamese army called the Viet Minh. The Viet Minh had been founded in 1941 by the communist party and was led by Hồ Chí Minh. In July 1954, France and the Viet Minh signed the Geneva Peace Accord. The Viet Minh became the gov ernment of North Vietnam while anti-communist Vietnamese, especially Catholics, "regrouped" in the South under the leadership of Bao Dai, a former emperor of Vietnam who had abdicated in 1945. What impact this period of time had on the environment: Vietnam was temporarily partitioned at the 17th parallel, and under the terms of the Geneva Accords, civilians were to be given the opportunity to move freely between the two provisional states for a 300-day period.
1. The Rowlatt Act was a law passed by the British in colonial India in March 1919, indefinitely extending "emergency measures" enacted during the First World War in order to control public unrest and root out conspiracy. 2. This act effectively authorized the government to imprison any person for a maximum period of two years, without trial who was suspected of doing terror in the Raj. 3.
He was also known for using extreme brutality during interrogations and held the Ugandan light heavyweight boxing championship title for nine years, from 1951 to 1960. When Uganda was on the brink of gaining independence, a close friend of Idi Amin, Apolo Milton Obote, who was the leader of the Uganda People’s Congress (UPC) was promoted to chief minister and eventually prime minister. Idi Amin was promoted to General and Chief of Staff, when Obote declared himself president, and Idi Amin stormed the Royal Palace, forcing the current president, Edward Mutebi Mutessa II (also known as “King Freddie”), into exile in Britain (Boddy-Evans). Idi Amin began to gain power within the military and eventually created ties with Israeli rebels and Britain. When Obote found out, he tried to place Idi Amin under house arrest, but, when he failed, he demoted Idi Amin to a less significant rank.
In 1986, Sankara dissolved his cabinet and appointed civil servants to government ministries. Subsequently, he proposed the formation of a single political party. He and other officials were assassinated in 1987 and that is when the current president Capt. Blaise Compaoré seized
Shir Ali, the son of Dost Mohammad was forced to leave his capital and country. He died in exile in early 1879. The British occupied Kabul just like they did in the First Anglo Afghan war, and a treaty was signed in Gandamak on May 26, 1879. Thus making the British win and triumph. However the British triumph was short lived.