Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, rubbing alcohol, water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: 1.
Paper chromatography can be used in separating amino acids and anions, RNA fingerprinting, and testing histamines and antibiotics. (Infromation received from sonic.org Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to separate the dyes that these markers are composed of and show how chromatography works. Materials * Four different markers (including one black permanent marker) * Rubbing alcohol or isopropyl alcohol * Coffee filters (2) * Tall glasses or plastic cups (2) * Pencil * Ruler * Tape * Table salt * Water * Measuring cups/spoons * Clean pitcher or 2-liter bottle Procedure 1. Your first task is to cut the coffee filter into a rectangle measuring three cm by nine cm. You will need 2 for this lab.
A binding material can be separated by dissolving the tablet in ether since three active ingredients are soluble. Then, aqueous K2HPO4 and KOH are used to extract the ether solution with the conjugate base of the Aspirin layer and the conjugate base of the Acetaminophen, respectively. The caffeine can be isolated from the left over layer by evaporating the ether. Two separated solutions form solid by acidifying with HCl and the solid residue can be collected by vacuum filtration. According to the Revell's lab experiment, aspirin, acetaminophen, caffeine recoveries are 60% or higher, <10% and <5%, respectively.
Use the 1.0mm opening for 1.6mm fiber. Also trim the Kevlar to the ‘C’ length using the electrician style scissors. * Using the marker pen and the template card provided, measure and mark the buffer strip length as shown on the template. * Using the buffer strippers, strip off the buffer in at least two pieces. * Using a dry, lint-free wipe; Remove any remnants of the protective coating on the fiber after stripping the buffer.
It is concluded that these are the three ingredients in a tablet of Excedrin. By using the line equation and the calculations represented in appendix A, this is how much of each ingredient is in an Excedrin tablet. References: 1. Williamson, Kenneth L., and Katherine M. Masters. Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments.
Hypothesis: Using melting points can help determine the difference in total carbon atoms and branches between two or more compounds. Materials List: 1 Spoon 1 Paper towels 3 Small rubber bands 2 Clean sheets of paper 1 Beaker, 100 mL, glass 1 Burner-fuel 1 Burner-stand 1 Goggles-Safety 1 Magnifier, dual 1 Thermometer-in-cardboard-tube 1 Capillary tubes-3/pack 1 Tetracosane Crystals - 0.2 g in Vial 1 Tetradecanol Crystals - 0.2 g in Vial Procedures: Prior to beginning the lab exercise, read the instructions carefully. Begin by setting up a derivative melting point table to collect the data accumulated during the exercise. This lab uses heated water so be sure to follow safety procedures carefully. While conducting this laboratory experiment, be sure to use minimal amounts of each substance in order to create the habit of using only the amount necessary.
With iodine it changes to a brown color and becomes clumpy. Using the mystery powder key, experimental results were compared to know results of baking soda,baking powder,cornstarch and powdered sugar. Chemical changes were made when a substance fizzes up or changes color. When a substance fizzed up into bubbles, it indicated a reactivity of solubility and a chemical change. Physical changes were indicated when a substance only reacted once.
Radu Purtuc | Chemistry 231 - Lab | Section 32 Ronnie :: team-member TECH 705, SEPARATING ACIDS AND NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION - MACROSCALE EXTRACTION July 6, 2006 Lab Report INTRODUCTION Purpose: using extraction technique to separate acetanilide, p-toluic acid, and p-tert-butylphenol; then measure the melting points of each compound and comparing them to the statistical values. Background: separating acids and neutral compounds by solvent extraction is a useful technique used in practice by chemists to separate organic compounds from mixture of other compounds. It generally involve several steps, with limiting factors being the number and output purity of compounds to be extracted from source mixture. A number of specific compound solvents not inter-miscible are used to separate and dissolve compounds, and a physical transfer between solvents is employed. An example of use is cleaning compounds of impurities, where different solvents work as a molecular filter that interacts differentially with compound and impurities respectively.
Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to see the effect that paper chromatography has on ink. Materials • Four different markers (including one black permanent marker) • Rubbing alcohol or isopropyl alcohol • Coffee filters (2) • Tall glasses or plastic cups (2) • Pencil • Ruler • Tape • Table salt • Water • Measuring cups/spoons • Clean pitcher or 2-liter bottle Procedure 1. Coffee filters usually are round, but it's easier to compare your results if the paper is rectangle. So, your first task is to cut the coffee filter into a rectangle measuring three cm by nine cm. You will need two of these strips to complete the lab.
Rather, overtime the dried seaweed would soften with the water and form a mixture. 3. Define: a. Decant- gradually pour from one container to another, leaving the solid behind. b. Filtrate- a liquid that has passed through a filter c. Extract- a preparation containing an active ingredient of a substance in concentrated form d. Precipitate- the formation of a solid in the reaction of a solution e. Tincture- a medicine derived by dissolving a drug in alcohol Notebook (Photocopies included) Observations: -Iodine crystals- glittery, brown-black in color, small pieces with a length of about 4 mm and thickness of about 2 mm, brittle -Fucus seaweed- dry, dark green, strong pungent scent, stiff, easily snapped into two pieces -Tincture- brown liquid, strong alcohol scent, fairly thin and runny -Isopropyl alcohol- clear liquid, alcohol smell Observation of reagents, starting materials and changes during extraction: We broke the dried seaweed into small