ABUSE Tutor: Salma Hussain Student: Pratiksha Rai Tutor: Salma Hussain Student: Pratiksha Rai There are many types of abuse which can affect young people and children. Some examples are; physical abuse, this is when you are physically harmed or injured by another person, for example; biting punching, hitting and pinching. Emotional abuse, it’s when your ‘self-worth’ or ‘self-dignity’ is affected because of other person’s behaviour or action, for example; name-calling, swearing and screaming. Sexual abuse, it’s when you are sexually assaulted or harassed by another person, for example; rape and inappropriate touching. Discriminatory abuse, this is when you are discriminated by other people based on your gender, race, culture, religion, etc.
It can cause confusion, which can then lead to stress, which can then result in aggressive behavior from the child. Spanking is a form of punishment which typically involves the punisher (usually an adult) striking the person that is being punished (usually a child) either with their hand, a belt, or some other instrument. Spanking is commonly used in situations where adults want the child to immediately stop whatever it is they’re doing wrong, which is why some people would consider spanking to be a good thing. “Spare the rod, spoil the child” is a phrase I’ve heard at least a hundred times throughout my life. This phrase simply means if you don’t give the child a spanking when they deserve it, you’re teaching them that their behavior is ok. A typical spanking (a couple swats with a hand) may be physically harmless; however, it can get out of hand.
Broken bones happening a lot, although children are clumsier and weak I would still be very wary if a child was coming in with broken bones on a regular basis, especially if they had other signs of physical abuse. Aggressive behaviour or severe temper outbursts, children can be naughty and angry but if they were getting like this over small things on a regular basis or they had a change in behaviour I would think someone wasn’t right. Emotional: If a young child was always sulking, hair twisting, rocking and not being comfortable or relaxed whilst in a particular setting I would worry that something was troubling them. It is know that people who are worried rock or use motions that calm them. Being unable to play, most young children are able to play weather its playing with dolls or playing mums and dads if a child was unable to do this or feel comfortable to do this I would question the reasons why.
Unexplained bruising on areas of the body which do not normally bruise would cause for concern. Burns or scalding, bruising in the same place, unexplained falls resulting in injury, cuts or bruising, reactions of the individual such as jumping or holding hands up to protect themselves or signs of fear when a particular procedure is carried out such as washing or dressing. Sexual Abuse
Physical abuse This is when a child is being physically abused this could include hitting, smacking, punching, kicking or include objects being thrown at them. This causes pain to them and leaves marks- this type of abuse can even lead to death The signs and symptoms of abuse include- -marks on the body -refusal to undress -running away from home -fear of physical contact -distressed -not wanting to do any medical examination Some marks you see on children can be just genuine injuries as children are always bound to have accidents. However this does not mean that we can’t keep an eye on them. In my setting if a child has a mark on their body whether it being suspicious or not we ask the parent what they did- most parents tell you before you ask and the majority of the time you are like yes okay that fine sometimes you may thing that they are not telling you the truth. If we have a child having repeat marks on their body or suspicious marks then we body map this and store it.
This abuse can be physical, emotional, psychological, financial or sexual.This can include hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining, slapping, throwing objects, threats, controlling or domineering behaviour, intimidation and stalking. Physical injuries, depression, anxiety, nightmares/flashbacks, fear, panic attacks, anger confusion, low self-esteem, lack of confidence, mistrust, suicidal, shame and difficulty to establish trust in new relationships. Discriminatory Discriminatory abuse involves picking on or treating someone unfairly because something about them is different, for example it may be: age, clothing or appearance, ethnicity, nationality or culture including traits like language, gender, health (such as AIDS) or disability (i.e. mental disorders), lifestyle or occupation, race or skin colour, religion or political affiliation, sexuality and sexual orientation,
For the reason that the child may realize that he or she is being mistreated and unloved when punished. It might seem that spanking children makes them afraid to repeat the aggression; nevertheless, it is more likely that they are afraid of the spanker. Psychologist Stephen Glenn states, “Spanking a child only causes resentment, sorrow and anger”. These particular feelings can lead children to have resentment towards their parents. As a parent it is much better to change a disciplinary method than have their children show remorse towards
Individuals punching other individuals will lead to having bruises, biting and slapping will leave marks on the body. Individuals exhibiting untypical self-harm, unexplained fractures, unexplained cuts or scratches for example when teenagers that are depressed often cut themselves thinking it will cool them down. An individual appears scared or subdued in the presence of specific individual’s also sudden or unexplained incontinence. Psychological abuse also referred to as emotional abuse or mental abuse is a form of abuse considered by an individual subjecting or exposing to behaviour that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological abuse may include: Threats of harm, threats of leaving the individual, humiliation, bullying, harassment and disengagement or withdrawal from services or support networks.
All children have accidents, like bumps and falls, which cause injury. However, you may have reasons for thinking that an injury has been inflicted on purpose if: • an injury strikes you as odd • a child is injured repeatedly • a parent delays seeking treatment • a parent or child gives unconvincing or inconsistent explanations about an injury. Indicators in the context of safeguarding are Physical abuse, bruises to the eyes, mouth, or ears, grasp mark, and bruises of different ages in the same place. Outline bruises e.g. hand prints, belts or shoes.
Therefore, according to the latest studies of some organizations such as children protection, spanking can create physiological problems such as depression in a child. It makes parents believe that spanking children can harm their children. Spanking children is not a good way to discipline them because children can get some mental problems. For example, children who are usually spanked by their parents believe that they hate them, so children get depression because of spanking. Children can also get mental problems because of spanking such as killing themselves.