These views can be compared to Boud et al. (1985), cited in Farrelly (2010: p.26) which states that reflection is; “A complex and deliberate process of thinking about and interpreting experience in order to learn from it.” These three definitions demonstrate that reflection is a process of evaluating an incident and changing things, in order to provide better understanding and practice. This is supported by Schön (1983) who described that reflection is the way in which the knowledge that underpins practice can be discovered and improved. Miller et al. (2008) suggest that in order for professionals to challenge their practice, they must reflect on their practice.
But what sets these journeys apart are their purposes. The purpose for a journey to be undertaken can vary greatly from religious enlightenment and colonising to seeking knowledge and psychological growth. On all types of journeys, the traveler is in search of identity. Sometimes, the “search” is not intentional, but results from reaching the goal. This search can involve the traveler understanding both positive and negative facets about themselves, including articles, perspectives and traits.
An individual’s sense of belonging is determined not only by their own choices but also by the attitudes of others. How accurately does this statement reflect the ideas represented in your prescribed text and ONE other related text of your own choosing? The sense of belonging that can be gained by being part of a community often means that collective identity is prioritised over the individual identity and sense of integrity. An individual may have to make a choice to belong which conflicts with the communal attitudes of a society. Drawing ideological parallels between 17th century Salem and his own experiences during the McCarthy witch-hunts of the 1950s, Miller sought to draw parallels between one of the “darkest periods in American history” and his present context, to highlight the destructive nature of mob mentality.
This paper, therefore, explores the challenges of cross-cultural communication from the organizational psychology perspective. Chitakornkijsil (2010) has indicated that communication with diverse cultural populations is very difficult. The greatest challenge is identified as becoming an “effective and successful intercultural communicator” (p. 7). Often the root of the communication difficulties are found in the differences in cultural backgrounds of the individuals attempting to communicate. These cultural differences may impact the “values, beliefs, world views, nonverbal behavior, language, and how to have relationship with others” (Chitakornkijsil, 2010 p. 7).
Meaning is key in communication, because the sender and receiver may have very different meanings of the message with regard to the way the way the message was transmitted. For instance the body language might have been odd, or the tone, facial expressions or gestures all that matters in communication. Interpersonal communication has often been defined in a number of ways; some academics say that it was founded based on the setting and number of participants involved (Miller, 1978). However, others define it as perceived characteristic of a given interaction (Peters, 1974). Peters goes on to explain,
How can we as social workers learn about different cultures? How can we become culturally sensitive? What techniques do we need to learn? As I become more familiar with the subject of cultural competence, I will have an answer to these questions. Examine According to Carlson, Brack, Laygo, Cohen, and Kirkscey, the specific competencies that are necessary, and the appropriate contexts for their application, are still poorly understood (Williams 2006).
There are a number of reasons why conflict occurs; difference in beliefs, morals, religion and values, fear and unmatched expectations. Conflict has a number of different causes, consequences and ways it can be resolved. Individuals are entitled to their own opinion, which often causes dismay to others. Conflict is a huge part of social experiences which allows us to learn and grow. The nature of conflict shows that conflict can either push people away or bring them into having a closer, more comfortable relationship.
It is important to engage in the client’s world so they are able to express their feelings. This will then lead for exploration, to be able to accept previously denied aspects of self-involving checking with the client which should be natural and free flowing. Respecting the individuality for the client (Mearns and Thorne, 2007). Rogers considered empathy as a ''state of being'', however Truax and Carkhuff defined empathy as a communication skill. A number of difficulties arose within the concept of empathy.
It also defines your personality or identity. Ethnic identity is a multidimensional, dynamic construct that develops over time through a process of exploration and commitment (Phinney & Ong, 2007, p. 271). According to the Ethical Lens Inventory, my preferred lens is the rights and responsibility lens. The inventory suggests that I use reasoning skills (rationality) to determine my duties as well as the universal rules that each person should follow (autonomy). The Ethical Lens Inventory also implies that my blind spot is that I believe that motive justifies method.
Analysis of Effective Communication Lynnetta Caery CJA/304 June 18, 2014 Prentice Tate, Facilitator Analysis of Effective Communication People use many different techniques to communicate and some of these can lead to disagreements due to ineffective communication. Some forms of communication can be misinterpreted based on another individual’s cultural background. The way a person may communicate something positive can be considered a negative form of communication by another individual. This paper will discuss the processes and differences of verbal communication, nonverbal communication, listening, and hearing in communication. It will also discuss formal and informal communication, and analyze the barriers and strategies that can be used to overcome miscommunication within criminal justice organizations.