Acute Renal Failure

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Acute Renal Failure NU270 Assignment 6.1 7/26/2012 Patients that are in acute renal failure have many obstacles that they are faced with. The nurse should follow evidence based interventions when caring for them. Electrolyte imbalance, blood loss, infection, and nutrition are just a few of the issues the nurse must be educated about. It is important for the nurse to impose every intervention available to reduce the risk of infection in the patient experiencing acute renal failure. “Make sure appropriate hand hygiene is used. Meticulous infection prevention precautions are required to prevent infections, with particular attention to hand hygiene and standard precautions” (Ackley & Ladwig, 2011, pg. 492). The nurse should also teach the patient what the signs and symptoms of infection are. “Teach the patient and family the symptoms of infection that should be promptly reported to a primary medical caregiver” (Ackley & Ladwig, 2011, pg. 495). Electrolyte balance should be watch closely in a patient with acute renal failure. Urden, Stacy, and Lough, 2012 state: Electrolyte levels require frequent observation, especially in the critical phase of AKI. Potassium may quickly reach levels of 6.0 mEq/L or higher. Specific electrocardiographic changes are associated with hyperkalemia: peaked T waves, a widening of the QRS interval, and ultimately, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (p. 408). The nurse should frequently assess vital signs. “Monitor cardiac rate and rhythm. Report changes to the provider. Hyperkalemia can result in EKG changes that include tall peaked T waves, prolonged PR interval, and widened QRS interval” (Ackley & Ladwig, 2011, pg. 343) The nurse monitoring an acute renal failure patient should implement safety precautions such as falls prevention protocol

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