C. Define the major principles associated within this theory as they relate to the psychology of learning. D. Summarize how this theory makes use of prior experience in explaining how people learn E. Describe how this theory explains how permanent change in behavior takes place. F. Apply this theory to
Historical development to the present day . The people influential in its development Dr Carl Ransom Rogers (1902-1987) and American Psychologist was the founder of Person Centred Counselling back in the 1950’s born in Oak Park Illinois. Rogers attended Teachers College at Columbia University where he engaged in child study. In 1930 Rogers served for the society for the prevention of cruelty to children in Rochester; where he went on to write The Clinical treatment of the problem child (1939), which was based on his experience in working with children. With the years’ experience of working with troubled children, Rogers was influenced in constructing his client-centred approach by the post-freudian psychotherapeutic practice of Otto Rank.
According to Yell et al., (2009) when employing Cognitive Behavioral Interventions (CBIs) the learners have engaged in self-management, self-control, self-monitoring, self-evaluations, and self-reinforcement (Yell, Meadows, Drasgow & Shriner, 2009). Procedures of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI) With all of the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI) programs, learners are instructed on how to manage their behaviors through the utilization of reinforcements that will teach them some strategies to promote appropriate human actions. During the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI) process the learners are engaged in observations, record keeping, and reinforcements. With numerous behavioral management strategies, it is the responsibility of the educators to control the procedures for observation’s, record keeping, and reinforcements. Further, with the implementation of the CBI, there are three processes that are to be completed
Considering the work of key pioneers and current experts with links to child development theory. There are many theories about how children learn and develop. This area of study is called developmental psychology which covers subjects such as cognitive, language and emotional development. The research methods are based heavily on the on going assessments carried out by observing children over a period of time. Assessment is part of the process of understanding what children know, understand and can do so that future teaching steps can be appropriately planned.
In observing the timeline, the events depicted shows the development of Attachment Theory from its early influence until the collaboration by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth (nee Salter). This theory was formulated by John Bowlby and then with further input it was elaborated by Mary Ainsworth. It seems as if this theory has originated from a base on ethological theories, the study of animal and human as they evolved; psychoanalytic perspective where the mother-child relationship was analyzed and; cognitive where the self and others are examined. Mary Main an American who is a psychologist and a professor, has taken attachment theory into a new direction by applying it to adults. She was a student of Mary Ainsworth, and whilst working with her they came up with the fourth category disorganized, however she took her teacher’s research further and developed the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), which was to better understand adults.
His father Ray Cash, and mother Carrie Cash named him J.R. because they could not think of a name. When Johnny enlisted in the United States Air Force in 1950, they wouldn’t let him use just initials as a name so he adopted the name John. John’s early life had a very major role in shaping his music career providing him with inspiration for many of his hit songs. John and his family had a very rough life during The Great Depression. The depression Barton 2 era was especially hard on the Cash family causing Johnny and his siblings to work on the family farm from a very young age.
The research design will then be introduced taking into account the theoretical frameworks and the review of the pertinent research. In this presentation, the qualitative study proposed is to learn the impact of educator perception on the impact of professional learning communities on student performance will be outlined. This will be followed with a discussion concerning the limitations of this study as well as precautions taken to protect those involved with the study. Theoretical Framework Organizational change and socio-cultural learning theories inform this study because they contextualize the problems with universal curriculum frameworks. It is through these theories that we will gain more insight into the issues associated with school system-wide leadership (Knapp, et al, 2008, p. 35).
Describe and evaluate Piaget’s theory cognitive development For this essay I have decided to describe and evaluate one cognitive development theory, the one that I have chosen is Piaget theory of cognitive development. I would be talking about Piaget’s theory and also look at both the positive and negative factor of his idea. One of the most influential theorists of cognitive development was put forward by Jean Piaget (1896-1980). Piaget said as children develop they acquired cognitive structures, which are mental representation to understand and interacting with their own environment. This is done through the use of schemas.
Jean Paget and Lev Vygotsky were both major contributors to the cognitive development of psychology among children. Cognitive development is defined as development of the ability to think and reason. By understanding the growth of cognitive development, teachers enable themselves to better cater to each unique need of a child. Piaget and Vygotsky were constructivists. Constructivism is an approach to teaching and learning based on that cognition is the result of “mental construction”.
2). Meaning, it addresses both cognitive and motivational factors at the same time. Brookhart goes on to states that “good feedback should be part of a classroom assessment environment in which students see constructive criticism as a good thing and understand that learning cannot occur without practice” (pg. 2). As part of the formative assessment, feedback should have the following