Homosexuality And Biology

1914 Words8 Pages
Are people born gay? Discuss the extent to which homosexual behaviour can be explained by biological factors. An issue in biological psychology shrouded in controversy, and often associated with multiple prejudices, homosexuality is one of the least understood occurrences with the topic of sexual behaviour. The angles from which this subject has been approached by researchers have changed alongside social and judicial attitudes to persons who exhibit such behaviour, as well as diagnostic definitions within psychology. In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association made the decision to remove homosexuality as a disorder within sexual deviancy from the DSM-II. The World Health Organization enacted a similar proposition in 1993, through which the orientation was no longer listed as a mental illness in the ICD-10. Whilst recent years have seen a swift movement away from categorizing homosexuality as an abnormality within medicine, a shift strongly supported by the gay community, theories attempting to explain the behaviour have made an ostensibly antagonistic step by emphasising the role of biological factors in determining sexual orientation. Such theories have been vehemently (and publicly) rejected by many religious groups, whose theologies are often built around a core of sexual morality condemning the adoption of alternative lifestyles. For those who oppose the moral implications of homosexuality, any propositions of a biological framework are associated with a sense of diminished responsibility - those who behave in such a way would do so because of innate and unalterable drives, rather than simple preferences. However, not all opponents of biological theories cite morality as their main motivation; many consider environmental influences to be just as, if not more integral to the incidence of homosexuality. This essay will discuss the extent to which
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