To understand more clearly the differences between the humanistic/existential and dispositional theories, the writer will compare and contrast them. In addition, the role of personality in affecting situational behavior will be described and the personality characteristics attributed to each theory will be examined. Finally, an explanation will be provided focusing on the interpersonal relational aspects that are related to each of the theories. The Role of Personality in Affecting Situational Behavior One’s personality can influence different kinds of behaviors and clearly plays a certain role in situational behavior. It has been always assumed that there is only one of his or her kind and one will most likely act differently from another, even if the situation is very similar.
The term for the use of free will is personal agency. Personal agency refers to a person’s life choices and the paths that the individual goes down, along with the consequences from these actions (Feist, Feist, & Roberts, 2013). This theory assumes that all people are basically good inside and that all individuals have an instinctual need to improve themselves, as well as the world around them. Included in the humanistic theory is the emphasis on the personal value of one’s worth, the uniqueness of individual values, and the innovative spirit of human beings. The method is optimistic in nature and concentrates on virtuous human capabilities to prevail over pain, deprivation, and hopelessness (Feist, Feist, & Roberts, 2013).
The aim of trait theory is to produce general principles of why people behave differently in different situations. Questionnaires, for example Eysenck’s Personality Inventory (EPI), are used to produce psychometric inventories, which are a measure of personality traits. This is a scientific approach, facilitating prediction of how a particular person will react in a specific situation. Other trait theorists (e.g. Kant) considered traits to be categorical.
Theories of Personality Marcella K. Bangert PSY 405 April 2, 2012 Dr. Chalice C. Jenkins Theories of Personality There are many theories of personality in the field of psychology. Two of the theories of personality were developed by Sigmund Freud and Karen Horney. Psychoanalysis was developed by Sigmund Freud and psychoanalytic social theory was developed by Karen Horney. Psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic social theory have strengths and limitations, as well as basic underlying assumptions. An important part of personality theories is to understand whether the theories are deterministic or if there is free will within the theory.
Personality Analysis Paper PSY 405 Tammy Poe September 28, 2011 Jerry Mote A large number of psychologist and philosophers have examined, tested, researched, and analyzed theories associated with behavior and personality. Theories of personalities provide the significant factors, influences affiliated with personality development as well as the ideas of traits; one’s culture, religion, beliefs, and factors such as disabilities, drugs, alcohol, and influences such as a parent, teacher, object needs or wants, and other affects related to personality. In this paper the subject to explain is the theoretical approaches of humanistic and existential theory, and the dispositional approach theory. The paper includes theoretical approaches, and the role of personality and behaviors. Including personality characteristics that contribute to these theories, along with the interpersonal relationship’s associated with the humanistic, existential, and dispositional theories.
Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issues A psychodynamic approach is one which tries to explain what drives or motivates development. Many psychological explanations aim to identify what causes behaviour, but this approach looks at the dynamics of the cause. The best known psychodynamic approach is Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. He suggested that we are driven to satisfy biological urges and these motives cause us to interact with our environment in certain ways. This means early experiences play a critical role in our lives.
It is presumed to be underlined as learning, memory, motivation, perception, and emotions. Pinel, John P. (2009) Biopsychology as a Neuroscience. What Is Biopsychology, anyway? (1.1) Pearson Education. It is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviors; this includes our thoughts and feelings.
Theory and techniques will be applied through the window of the case study of John, in an effort to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model in strengthening an individual’s internal sense of control, thereby changing behaviour. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is based around the notion of thoughts leading to how an individual feels and acts, discounting the external environment into a much less important role. A two-way relationship exists between thinking and behaviour, in that thinking can influence behaviour and behaviour can, in turn, influence thinking. The predominant assumption in CBT is that maladaptive behaviours arise not from a stimulus itself, but from the individual’s evaluation or thoughts and feelings about that stimulus. CBT uses a collaborative relationship between client and therapist in a goal oriented, systematic approach with both parties working together to achieve a solution, based on the
It will be seen that social control or the influence of systems within our society shape and mould how we are as people (Chriss, 2010). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) (as cited in Leckliter & Matarazzo, 1994) is a common book used for the classification of disorders, however when is a disorder a disorder? It will be seen that with the use of the DSM, that therapist’s intervene at different stages of many disorders. Overall, this essay will look at how society, the media and therapists influence and diagnose individuals, but are these diagnoses socially acceptable everywhere? There are many psychological theories and perspectives on how an individual should act, think, talk and overall act normal.
Personality Analysis Jan George 1 Oct 2012 PSY/405 University of Phoenix Dr. Wakley Personality Analysis Introduction When analyzing the development on how the research of the Psychologists theories on the reaction that was analyzed of the psychology of the individual and the trait and factor theories. However, the theory of the assumptions of the Psychologist approach concerning the behavior of a person’s personalities is examined with understanding of the conscious motivation, the characteristics, the factor analysis, and personality traits. In addition to the behavioral analysis, and social cognitive learning. This paper will analyze and compare and contrast of both theories dispositional and learning theory. As well as “describe the role of personality in affecting situational behavior and examine the personality quality associate with as well as describe the interpersonal relational aspects associated with the two of the theoretical approaches” of first the dispositional and second the learning.