There are several types of parasites such as Ectoparasite- which is a parasite that lives on the host’s surface, examples will be hair and body lice and mites. Endoparasites – One that lives inside the host, for example heartworm, tapeworm and flatworms. Epiparasite- This one feeds on another parasite. For example, fleas and ticks. 1.2 Identify common illness and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.
They differ from bacteria by needing a living host to complete their life cycle, being host specific. Some of their common illnesses and infections include scabies, malaria, bed bugs, lice and tape worm. Infection is an invasion of the body by a foreign substance such as germs, microbes and parasites, that can infect the body in numerous ways. Systematic infection can affect the whole body, possibly
1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Caused by bacteria: - Tuberculosis - Whooping cough - Food poisoning - Ear infections Caused by viruses: - HIV - Hepatitis B - Stomach Flu - Warts Caused by fungus: - Thrush - Ringworm - Yeast infection - Valley fever Caused by parasites: - Malaria - Schistosomiasis - Sleeping sickness 1.3 Describe what is meant by infection and colonisation. Infection is the invasion and multiplication of micro organisms that are not normally present within the body. Infection tends to show through symptoms. Colonisation is when germs are within the body but don't make the person sick.
A parasite is any organism which lives inside a different organism in a symbiotic relationship in which only the parasite benefits from the symbiosis. This means that a parasite basically feeds off a host and the host suffers as a result of this. Parasites can be as small as viruses, or as big as metre-long tapeworms. The common illness and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are Pneumonia, Diarrhoea, Urinary infections, colds These are just a few of the common illness and the list can go on. what is meant by “infection” and “colonisation”?
Changes in climate or introduction of a new species from elsewhere can greatly affect the balance of nature; some bacteria help to digest food, destroy disease causing cells, and give the body needed vitamins, bacteria are also used in making healthy foods like yogurt and cheese. Viruses are the connecting link of living and non-living things….. A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope. Viruses infect all types of organisms form animals and plants to bacteria and archaea. All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information, all have protein coats that protect these genes and some have an envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell.
There are many ways bacteria can enter the body. Expired, contaminated or non pasteurised food items could be one way. Cuts, sores and open passages such as eyes, ears, genitals etc are also ways in which bacteria can enter the body. Some of the illness and infections attributed to bacteria include e.coli, streptococcus (strep throat, impetigo, cellulites), staphylococcal (skin infection, pneumonia, food and blood poisoning), cholera, mrsa, typhoid, uti’s, dysentery and tuberculosis. Bacterial infections are commonly treated with antibiotics.
Viruses can spread in many ways. Viruses in plants are often transmitted from plant ot plant by insects that feed on them. Viruses in animals can spread by blood sucking insects. Influenza viruses are spread by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus is transmitted faecal oral route and are passed from person to person contact, entering the body in food or water.
When a virus enters the body, it enters some certain cells and takes over making the now host cell make the parts the virus needs to reproduce, the cells are eventually destroyed through this process. The most common viruses is the common cold, which has no cure. Fungi Mould, yeast and mushrooms are all types of Fungi. Fungi live in the air, water, soil and on plants and they can live in the body, usually without causing illness. Some fungi have beneficial uses.
It is completely dependent on the host. 1.2 The common illnesses caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are: Bacteria – E.coli, Salmonella, Tetanus, Tuberculosis. Viruses – Chicken Pox, Polio, Ebola, HIV/AIDS.
uses of infectionCauses and Spread of Infection 1.1 viruses....are a coated material that invade the cells apparatus for reproduction, Bacteria......are single celled organisms; some classify them as a separate {FOURTH} kingdom of the tree life Fungi.......are multi celled organisms that form a third kingdom of life along with the plant kingdom and the animal Parasites.....are plants or animals that derive from the metabolism of other plants or animals at the expense of the host and without providing some benefit to the host 1.2 common illnesses caused by Bacteria.....uti’s an tb Fungi.....Thrush, Athletes foot Viruses....Aids, Measles Parasites....malaria, tape worm 1.3 Infection is an invasion of cells that can cause harm. Colonisation is the invasion of cells that cause harm. 1.4 Systemic....is an infection that has gone into the blood stream. Localised infection....is in one place of your body. 1.5 poor hand hygiene can lead to the spread on infection.