Like bacteria and viruses, some fungi can act as pathogens. Human fungal diseases can occur due to infection or fungal toxins. Symptoms of fungal diseases can be as common as itching, coughing, fever, wheezing, but they can also be as serious as meningitis or even death. Parasites are organisms that need other organism for their survival. They draw nourishment and other needs from their host organism.
2.2 An infective agent may enter the body through inhalation, ingestion an animal bite or an insect bite. 2.3 A commin source of infection is inhaltion when another person ssneezes or coughs and does not out there hand over there mouth. Poor hygiene is another common cause if infection due to not washing hands. 2.4 Infective agents can be transmitted to a person by inhaling if someone coughs or sneezes without putting there hand over there mouth, or by absorption through
1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Bacteria: A bacteria is a single celled organism, they are either a parasite or live independently. Bacteria have three basic shapes. Antibiotics can usually kill them; A few examples of bacteria could be meningitis, Ear infections, and conjunctivitis. Fungi :A Fungus is a spore producing organism and can live as a single celled yeast or as a larger multi-cellular mould.
Wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from a wound infected with Clostridium botulinum. Infant botulism is caused by consuming the spores of the botulinum bacteria, which then grow in the intestines and release toxin. Adult intestinal toxemia (adult intestinal colonization) botulism is a very rare kind of botulism that occurs among adults by the same route as infant botulism. Lastly, iatrogenic botulism can occur from accidental overdose of botulinum toxin. All forms of botulism can be fatal and are considered medical emergencies.
They are contained in a protein coating which makes them more difficult to destroy. Virus cells are shaped like rods, spheres or tiny tadpoles. They reproduce by invading cells in our body. Viruses can be more serious and are responsible for causing a variety of diseases for example, Norovirus, AIDS, HIV, influenza, small pox and measles. There are different types of fungi for example mushrooms are a fungi and some cheeses have fungi in them, however fungi can also cause illnesses such as Candida, this is yeast that causes infection.
Unit 4222-265 Causes and spread of Infection. outcome1: Understand the causes of infections 1:1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Infections are the result of the body’s inability to fight off microorganisms that cause disease or infection: Bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Bacteria are organisms that are found almost everywhere. They are found naturally in humans, as well as plants and animals.
Causes and Spread of Infection 1. Understand the causes of Infection 1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites The differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites range. One of which is the fact that viruses and parasites depend upon a living host to survive, while bacteria and Fungi's don't always need to do so. Another difference is that Parasites are normally living creatures - ticks, fleas, worms - whilst bacteria, viruses and fungi are cells that have different cell coatings. 1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites The most common illnesses and infections that occur due to bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are Dioreah, Vomiting, Influenza, Nail infections, Tick bites, Colds, Skin Conditions, Digestive Problems ( Parasites - Worms ) and in some cases, Death.
P1: Explain how infections are caused by different pathogens: * Bacteria * Fungi * Protozoa * Parasites * Viruses Bacteria: Pathogens are microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria and these cause diseases in the body. Bacteria is a pathogen and are microscopic living cells that multiply at a rapid speed, once inside the body they spread toxins making the individual ill. Bacteria can cause diseases such as; * food poisoning * cholera * typhoid * whooping cough * gonorrhoea - a sexually transmitted disease Bacteria can travel in many things such as food, water or even through the air. For example if an individual is sitting next to someone that keeps on sneezing, the individual will eventually
If toilets, taps and sinks are not cleaned thoroughly and using good cleaning products, in time they can become a source of infection. Clinical waste kept inappropriately and disposed of inappropriately can also be a source of infection. Disposal of sharps has to be done in accordance with the rules. Client’s personal care should be thorough, and any changes noticed should be reported to the person in charge. Sometimes outbreaks of scabies can occur in social care establishments due to poor hygiene.
Fungi Unlike bacteria and viruses, fungi are simple plant-like organisms which reproduce using spores. There are three types of fungal infections; ones which occur on the surface of the skin and hair; those which occur in the epidermis (such as ringworm and athlete's foot) and those which affect the deeper layers of skin – the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle and fascia. Fungi may reach these layers as a result of penetrating wounds, or may be inhaled. Parasites Parasites differ from bacteria in that they need a living host to survive and reproduce, although not all parasites affect the host. Parasites can be acquired through contact with a contaminated surface, via infected water or food and through contact with contaminated bodily fluids such as blood, faecal matter and sexual contact.