Thomas Jennings 1791-1856 Thomas Jennings, born in 1791, was the first African American to be given a patent, on March 3, 1821. Thomas Jennings was awarded his patent for a dry cleaning process (U.S. patent 3306x). At the time, he was operating a dry cleaning business in New York City, and was heavily involved in abolitionist activities. The patent was for a dry-cleaning process called "dry scouring", and he used the initial money he earned from it to purchase freedom from slavery for his family. In 1831, Thomas Jennings became assistant secretary for the First Annual Convention of the People of Color in Philadelphia, PA. Thomas Jennings was a free man when he took out his patent, otherwise he might have had trouble obtaining the patent in his name.
Augustus lived in the Dartford district for over 40years while also establishing a silk and calico printing works in the town in 1843. He registered eighteen different patents in his own name for improvements in letterpress and silk printing, perfected an extraordinary new technique for printing banknotes, and invented the printing machine upon which "The Times" newspaper was printed in the mid-19th century. Augustus was born in 1788 and died in 1871. Bryan Donkin was apprenticed to John Hall, who was an engineer who helped both design and make engines for the S.S "Batavia for the steam navigation company and in 1836 S.S."Wilberforce" built by Curling & Young at Blackwall for the Humber Union S.S.Company.Bryan Donkin played a leading role in the establishment of the world's first food-canning factory in 1811; this was the first step to the revolution of canned food. Canned food as we know it is an essence of long- term preservation of food.
This, along with the rolling and puddling method and Watt's Sun and Planet gear, sparked experiments leading to the first steam locomotive in 1804. However, it was not until the 1820's, when a properly running locomotive had been designed and the rolling and puddling technique had advanced and become widespread enough to make good cheap rails possible, that the first railroads were born. In 1825, the Stockton and Darlington Railroad carried the first commercial freight of any railroad in history. Five years later, the Liverpool and Manchester Railroad opened operations carrying passengers as well as freight. This quickly sparked a virtual mania for building railroads in Europe and the United States after 1830.
A private company with Governor William Moultrie as president and General Francis Marion as a director was charted by the state in 1786 to help with this task. From 1793 to 1800, Laborers worked hard clearing the way with only axes and shovels connecting Charleston and the Santee River. The twenty-two mile long canal was used as a route for cotton barges for fifty years until there was a working railway between Charleston and Columbia. A route by water remained a fascination. T.C.
The Merrimack first headed toward a twenty-four-gun wooden hulled steam-sailing slope, Cumberland. After ramming and sinking the Cumberland the Merrimack headed for the Congress, a fifty-gun frigate. An awestruck Union officer watched the fight as the Merrimack fired “shot and shell into her with terrific effect, while the shot from the Congress glanced from her iron-plated sloping sides without doing any apparent injury.” After the first day the Confederates were leading 2-0 proving iron superior to wood. | | On March 9, 1862 as the Merrimack arrived for day two of fighting, it found a Union ship called the Monitor waiting for it. The Confederate ironclad carried more guns than the Monitor, but it was slow, clumsy, and prone to engine trouble.
Interchangeable parts was a revolutionary idea developed by Eli Whitney that meant that for a product, say a gun, was made from parts that were developed in factories and were exactly the same, thus INTERCHANGEABLE. The Agricultural Revolution was a significant change in agricultural. Jethro Tull was an English agricultural pioneer from Berkshire who helped bring about the Agricultural Revolution. Industrial Revolution was a transition in manufacturing in the 1700-1800’s. Henry Ford was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.
He was in Manchester when he heard about the success Richard Arkwright was having at a textile factory in Cromford. At age just nineteen, Owen borrowed £100 and set up his own business spinning mules with an engineer called John Jones. The partnership with Jones came to an end in 1792 and Owen found work as a manager of Peter Drinkwater’s spinning factory. As the manager, Owen met a lot of businessmen involved in the textile industry. David Dale, owner of Chorton Twist Company in Scotland met with Robert Owen and the two became great friends.
After World War II, he organized, an underwater research unit to carry out experiments and laboratory studies in diving. In 1950 he founded "Campagne Oceanographique Francaise". Later in that year, Jacques acquired Calypso, a retired minesweeper of American construction. Over the next year, she was transformed into an oceanographic vessel, and the adventures of the now-famous ship began. In the four decades since, she has sailed literally around the world and has explored many of the planet's major rivers.
American Fur Company John Jacob Astor, founder of the American Fur Company, was the creator of the first trust or monopoly, and he was the first multi-millionaire in the United States. His fortune came primarily from the fur trade. Born on July 17, 1763 in Waldorf, Germany, his cleverness, guile, and business suave shaped the early American frontier. Arriving in New York in 1783, he soon began to buy furs from trappers and Indians, establishing a fur goods shop in New York. In 1794, the Jay Treaty between Great Britain and the United States opened new markets in Canada and the Great Lakes region.
John Paul Ferguson III ENG 232 Professor Carenen November 26, 2012 Capitalism and the Sublimation of the Individual Bartbely the Scrivener was written by Herman Melville in eighteen fifty three. It is not entirely certain why Melville wrote Bartleby the scrivener, but one could assume that Melville wrote this short story to portray the individuals relationship with a capitalist society. This assumption is sensible due to the fact that the once primarily agricultural America was on the brink of industrialization and a move toward a pure capitalist society. From the article, Agrarian Class Structure And Economic Development In Colonial British North America: The Place Of The American Revolution In The Origins Of US Capitalism, ” The ‘economic steady state’ of extensive growth ended in the early nineteenth century. The end of intermittent warfare, which disrupted international trade between 1689 and 1815, and the development of industrial technology initiated the transition from extensive to intensive economic development in the US after 1800 as labor shifted ‘from lower productivity agriculture to the more productive new industrial sector’ (Smith 1980, 18).”,(Smith).