To Elude by Allusion (Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck + the Waste Land by T.S. Elliot)

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To Elude by Allusion Titles of great literary works are not often slapped on with no forethought; in fact most of the time the author saves the title for last, because they want it to have relevance to the plot or story of their work. Some titles' relevance is easy to see and understand, while others can be horribly vague and hard to grasp. Sometimes one must simply trudge through the whole of the work before the title's meaning shines through. In both John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath and in T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land," allusions to turmoil within society and the individual are made within the works, and these ideas are only realized when the full length of each work is read and related to ourselves using the metaphors of wrathful grapes and the wasteland nearly all of us unknowingly live in. In The Grapes of Wrath there are many small references to grapes or different mentions of wrath, anger and judgement. "In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage" (Steinbeck 349). In this section most of what is happening is food being wasted, thrown into rivers and forced to rot with guards watching. So if the poor try to fish a meal out of the river they are forced away because this food is being wasted purposefully with no reason. Which angers the people, the wrath begins growing in their hearts. The line also speaks of the vintage, the grapes being readied to harvest for winemaking. Meaning Steinbeck wants us to harvest and use this wrath we have garnered in our hearts. If you check the notations in the back of the book, it states that the title directly references "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" as well as the Book of Revelation, "So the angel swung his sickle to the earth and gathered the clusters from the vine of the earth, and threw them into the great wine press of the wrath of God"

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