So Long a Letter

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REVIEW OF SO LONG A LETTER Published in 1980, Mariama Ba’s So Long a Letter recounts the stories of two women and their husbands, lifelong friends living in Senegal during the post-colonial period of national reformulation. The novella is written in the form of a lengthy epistle from one woman, Ramatoulaye, to her beloved friend Aissatou. Ramatoulaye, the book’s speaker, has just experienced the death of her husband, Modou, and as a devout Muslim woman, she is central to the ceremonies performed for her husband’s burial. Like Ramatoulaye, Aissatou also is without her husband, Mawdo Ba, having divorced the man after his taking of a second wife. Ramatoulaye’s letter unfolds in a string of reminiscences that detail the women’s mirroring circumstances. Beginning in their youth at a French colonial teacher’s college, Ramatoulaye’s story portrays the blossoming of two couples’ love, and their dedication to one another despite the disapproval of their immediate communities: Aissatou, a goldsmith’s daughter, is looked down upon by her husband’s once royal family, while Ramatoulaye’s mother is greatly disappointed in her daughter’s choice of husband, whom she portentously sees as overly sensual. The men both grow highly successful, Modou as a social promoter and ideologue for union workers, Mawdo Ba as a heavily sought after surgeon. Ultimately, both men betray their wives by assuming co-wives, and much of the novel centers upon the different paths each woman takes in reaction to such betrayals. Throughout the novel, Ba effectively illustrates the challenges women faced in this steadily modernizing, post-colonial social context. Both Ramatoulaye and Aissatou represent women of the “New Africa”, and having been highly educated, their life experiences break with the isolated experiences of their female predecessors. The women’s social roles are multifarious: while their
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