But in a more general way, the nationalism of the various countries throughout Europe contributed not only to the beginning but the extension of the war in Europe. Each country tried to prove their dominance and power. Although the European Alliances were certainly a cause of WWI, there were many other causes as well. Along with the European Alliances there was Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, and of course the physical conflicts leading up to the
One reason why the opponents of the Tsars were more successful than those of the Communists was the fact that, under the Tsars, opposition attained a legal status. It can be argued that the implementation of the Zemstvos under Alexander II paved the way for the full legalisation of opposition, as this allowed the spawning of political ideas. However, under Nicholas II this was more prevalent, as the October Manifesto allowed for the full legalisation of opposition through the implementation of the Dumas. Though the Dumas acted as unsuccessful opposition to the Tsar – as he declared the Fundamental Laws almost immediately after the Dumas came into existence – this was important as it allowed the opposition groups to burgeon. Unlike the regimes of both Alexander II and III, political discussion was allowed, and as such it developed more so than at any other time in the period.
The spectacular continental expansion Westward and the advent of new technologies during the industrial revolution were rapidly allowing for new concepts and new propositions. The widespread recognition of Social Darwinism provided Americans with a sense of moral superiority – an obligation to assist backward cultures and seemingly ‘remedial’ civilisations all over the world. The Monroe Doctrine remained a bold international statement of American authority, and the new ‘Manifest Destiny’ represented action and divine guidance. America was brimming with optimism, frustration, chivalry, hope and action. Despite McKinley’s attempts at diplomacy, he was feeble opposition to the emotional magnitude of what was emerging in America.
the changes in the mechanisms of ‘volkisch’ anti-semitism and how it developed throughout the preceding decades, with particular scholarly movements including the inception of scientific racism, the volkisch movement in correspondence with new imperialism and militant nationalism. The approach suggests that the holocaust was exclusively akin to Germany’s rising ‘volkisch’ culture and that the aggressive notions of supremacy produced in the late nineteenth century influenced their attitudes towards the other races within Germany at the time and subsequent to the century’s turn. This particular approach is therefore beneficial for understanding how the very concept of a civilised genocide was manifested and how anti-semitism transformed according to the circumstances of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and is therefore the synthesis of the intentionalist and functionalist schools as the German anti-semitism was developed in the long-term through cumulative radicalisation. It adds to our understanding of how ‘völkisch-antisemitisch’ developed from mere prejudice into genocide and how it was influential in the development of advancement of National Socialism, being spawned through nineteenth century scholarly ideologies and social movements including Social Darwinism as a product of emerging ‘scientific racism’, with this and the association with romantic nationalism being
Both economics and politics experienced radical changes during the Early Republic period in America. Remarkably subtle but undoubtedly significant was the development of a recognizable middle class during the Early Republic. This revolution can be attributed to what Wood refers to as a “consumer revolution of immense importance” and through the pervasive spread of commerce. A newfound appreciation for domestically internal trade and the recognition of the significance of this internal trade increased prosperity and gave more people enthusiasm for business. The quantity of those involved in buying and selling increased exponentially and in response, the development of modern day concepts such as businessmen and entrepreneurs arose.
This shows how much he pushes to make America a better place. The government also becomes more involved with the economics of the American people as well. The government became more involved with the new deal and that led to their involvement in “Big jobs usually go to the men who prove their ability to outgrow small ones,” (Grapes 21).This quote shows the hoped/ actual results of the government involvement. Although it still affects the U.S. today Roosevelt help the U.S. by getting the government more involved with the people and in turn improved the Great
Although the industrial revolution had a huge positive impact on German economy, it also lead to a rise in socialism which meant the emergence of pressure groups, such as the Nationalist pressure groups and the Economic pressure groups. These groups were often focused on single issues, but they highlighted the tensions and divisions in Germany. Foreign minister and Chancellor Von Bulow played a key part in protecting the position of the Second Reich's ruling elite. He focussed on an aggressive foreign policy to
The era following World War I witnessed the burgeoning of a new lifestyle that characterized the 1920’s. The Great War, now famously known as World War I had brought America to the forefront of the global outlook. The war time excesses in production transformed into prosperity during the next decade which would watch America seek continued isolation despite the mounting global challenges. The Great War and the ensuing Versailles Treaty had left Europe in a rather deprived and devastated state where the Europeans continued to seek cultural and economic assistance from their cross-Atlantic neighbors. With new job opportunities, progressive ideas, an air of liberalism had engulfed the American continent.
The idea of meritocracy was appealing to many and this lead to hard working people. Wood argues that this was one of the reasons that people rallied for the war efforts saying, “[B]ecause equality and prosperity was so unusual in the Western world, they could not be taken for granted. The idea of labor, of hard work, leading to increased productivity was so novel, so radical in the overall span of Western history” (Wood, 111). These ideals had social and political effects. There were many merchants and traders.
American Expansionism As the nineteenth century was coming to a close, the United States faced some choices that would affect our society for decades to come. Before the 1890's, the United States was fixated on maintaining and possibly expanding its borders. This time, became known as the new "Manifest Destiny". It focused on acquiring land separate from the continental United States. Just like many European powers prior to the 20th century, the United States looked at how the new world was developing.