“The actualising tendency refers to the tendency in all forms of organic life towards more complex organisation, the fulfilment of potential, and in human beings, the actualisation of the whole person including the persons self” (Merry 2002). Through my own experience I believe there is a need for positive self regard in order for an individual to make positive choices and trust in their own decisions.”To develop a sense of trust in the accuracy and reliability of our own inner experiencing” (Merry 2002). Again through personal experiences I understand the effect of the conditions of worth have on individuals. I believe that these affect us later in life and can be explored
Part 1 – 1 The meaning of ‘centrality’. The definition of centrality is ‘the quality of being in or near the centre or the middle’. This means looking at the person as an individual with strengths, preferences and aspirations and putting them at the centre of the process of identifying their needs and making choices about how and when they are supported to live their lives. Part 1 – 2 The importance of recognising the centrality of an individual The importance of recognising the centrality of the individual is key to helping boost the person´s confidence and self-esteem. Rather than just recognising the disability, centrality is about considering the individual as a whole; focusing on all aspects of the individual including their past, present and future aspirations, their capabilities and strengths and working in partnership with the individual to promote their values and support them to make informed choices.
Facilitate person centred assessment, planning, implementation and review Outcome 1 Understand the principles of person centred assessment and care planning The learner can: 1. explain the importance of a holistic approach to assessment and planning of care or support Holistic assessment and planning is the key in developing personalised services.The holistic assessment process allows to talk about a wide range of domains in a person’s life, establishing a deeper understanding of their needs and issues before developing a care plan. The holistic approaches to client care consider and incorporate all aspects of the client’s life, include the following: physiological, psychological, sociocultural and developmental factors affecting the client. 2. describe ways of supporting the individual to lead the assessment and planning process Person Centred Planning is an ongoing process. If it is to be effective it must result in real change for people. The purpose of person centred planning is to enable people to live the lives they want in their communities.
In order to examine this assertion we have to look into some of the theories and findings from different areas in psychology that allows us to understand the importance of these influences. The examples used in this essay are based on general influences that determine human behaviour; personality, friendship and brain function. Personality is considered to be one of the important factors in influencing human behaviour as it can be described in many ways and can be applied to almost any situation involving human behaviour and actions. Generally personality is defined as “a set of stable and enduring individual characteristics or inner dispositions that lead people to behave in a steady way over time and maintain a consistent orientation to other people and the world around them.” (McAvoy Jean, p19). Because personality can be defined in so many ways psychologists had to find a way to categorise and measure personality with individual differences in personality in mind.
Furthermore the term Identity describes a unique personality structure in combination with the picture that others have of this structure. The reflection of ourselves and who we want to be determines our identity. This concept is also described by some as the self image. Self-image: A person's self-image is the own mental
In our matrix we will discuss Allport’s psychology of the individual theory, and the trait and factor theory. Both theories express how personality can change personalities and, the different associations that we have over time. Allport’s theory, psychology of the individual, sees human personality different from psychoanalytical and behavioral views. Allport believed that individual’s personality and behavior were not only determined by experiences stored in the unconscious but also by conscious decisions made in the present (Feist & Feist, 2009). Allport also believed that humans are not only organisms that react to rewards and punishment instead humans can interact with the environment and vice versa (Feist & Feist, 2009).
Cognitive restructuring techniques commonly center on producing a confident self-image, encouraging constructive social interactions, and removing thought deformations (mistakes in reasonableness or points of view). However, regardless of their shared goals, diverse approaches apply to some extent, different actions and ways to achieve their purpose (CTU Online, 2012, pg.1). The primary theory behind cognitive restructuring is that an individual’s reactions and conduct can be significantly influenced by something they believe. If an individual could intentionally alter the habit of what they say to themselves, and what depictions they portray to themselves, then they could render themselves more content or nicer or more constructive or could achieve one of numerous other beneficial adjustments; simply stated, that by correcting our way of reasoning, we can constructively change how we feel and how we take action (Strayhorn, 2003). The cognitive restructuring theory would facilitate Tom in learning to control his anger by learning how to change his way of thoughts, thus changing how he permits events to control his
Personality can mean many things but collectively the definition according to Feist & Feist in 2006, “…a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior” (Feist & Feist, 2006). It is hard to understand personality when no one can even agree about the true definition of personality so that is why we have to study it and assess the information that will help us understand what influences our own traits and characteristics. Quantifiable Human Nature The field of psychology is based on the basic ways in which humans will react through perceptions, position, and the point of views from of a lot of theorists. In the area of psychology according to Feist and Feist in 2009, “there are six dualistic dimensions on human nature and they are determinism versus free choice, pessimism versus optimism, causality versus teleology, conscious versus unconscious determinants of behavior, biological versus social influences, and finally uniqueness versus similarities” (Feist & Feist). First a thing where a human does anything willingly is called free choice.
The main thrust of this perspective is that people respond and demonstrate behavior from observing people in their environment (Engler, 2008). Likewise, the model also considers other factors that allow individuals to perform according to specific functions. Specifically, the interplay of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors provide the continued human development. A key component that promotes social learning theory is the process of modeling. In particular, modeling is complemented through the application of attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation (Engler, 2008).
These big ideas can be categorized under social thinking, social influence, or social relations. The idea that we construct our social reality falls under social thinking, it describes the natural human urge to explain behavior, by attempting to attribute it to a cause, in order to make it seem orderly, predictable, and controllable (Myers, 2010). According to social psychology our social intuitions are powerful and sometimes perilous, suggesting that the human ability to understand something immediately, molds or influences behavior because it also shapes fears, attitudes, impressions, and relationships (Myers, 2010). It is also believed that social influences shape behavior as does behavior shape social influences. Myers (2010) provides an example as to how behavior is shaped by social influences making humans social creatures, “We speak and think in words we learned from others (Social psychology, p. 7).