It assumes that human problems come from operating on faulty, irrational beliefs. Some of these beliefs are conscious but many are not. Behavior Theory suggests that human actions are the results of what we have learned or been conditioned to do and that when these actions are reinforced consistently, by either reward or punishment, they become the basis of functioning in our lives. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy recognizes that thoughts and behaviors are connected and addresses both in its model. CBT is a problem-solving/task-centered approach which recognizes and challenges illogical and faulty beliefs in an effort to change negative or destructive behavior.
He created the clinical practice of psychoanalysis for curing the mind ailment-psychopathology. The psychologist uses dialogue with the patient as the clinical tool. Psychodynamic psychologists implement a systematized study and theory of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior with greater emphasis on the interaction between the subconscious and the conscious motivations. Sigmund Freud theorized that psychological processes are flows of psychological energy in a complex brain that establishes psychodynamics. This is founded on the psychological energy named by him as libido.
Discuss how current counselling and psychotherapy practice emerged from psychiatry and psychology. Analyse the similarities and differences between psychotherapy and counselling practices. I will assess the origins of psychoanalysis and how this impacted on subsequent schools of thought.I will discuss the importance of Freud and how some of his theories were challenged by later psychologists resulting in differing models for therapeutic practice.I will explore how these models are applied to contemporary counselling and psychotherapy. I aim to analyse the similarities and differences between counselling and psychotherapy through critical evaluation of how these practices work within society today. By establishing differences between psychiatry and psychology,how counselling and psychotherapy emerged from these disciplines becomes clearer.Psychiatry relates to the process of healing the mind through medical intervention.Psychology has its roots within academic study and research of human and animal perception.Psychoanalysis is ‘interested in exploration of the unconscious mind in order to cure’.
There are three main psychological approaches to abnormal behaviour, the cognitive approach, the behavioural approach and the psychodynamic approach. Firstly, the psychodynamic approach. The psychodynamic approach explains the forces that influence our behaviour. Sigmund Freud proposed a controversial approach and made key assumptions. His first assumption was that mental illnesses are psychological in origin, the psychodynamic approach, unlike the biological approach, explains behaviour as a result of psychological issues rather than physical issues.
Psychology is the scientific observation and analysis of the pattern between, the human mind and its functions to determine behaviour, which helps in gaining empirical evidence that can be useful to everyday life and its individuals (American Psychological Association 2013). However, a question that arises in the following debate is how can psychologists study the mind and mental processes? And how and whether the mind is a separate component from the body? Findings show evidence that the body and mind can work in sync together and have an influence on each other (Descartes, 1961). For instance, when we considered an individual suffering from anxiety; which targets a person psychologically, we can see how this can also can reflect in the physical being, such as losing weight long-term or lack of breath when having an anxiety attack.
In this analysis we will look at two specific parts of analyzing psychodynamic theories. First we will discuss how psychodynamic theories affect individual personalities and finally we will explain how psychodynamic theories influence interpersonal relationships. Psychodynamic Theories Affect Individual Personalities All of the psychodynamic theories mentioned in this paper lean more to the side of being limited rather than having strength, primarily in regard to the development and effects of individual personality. A dissimilar outlook exists on the definition of personality, the driving force behind development, cause and effect, and what exactly influences it and whether it can be altered. The psychodynamic theories consist mainly of Alder’s individual psychological theory, Horney’s psychoanalytical social theory, Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, Klein’s object relations theory, Sullivan’s interpersonal theory, and Jung’s analytical theory (Feist & Feist, 2009).
Explain how mental ill health may be indicated through an individual’s emotions, thinking and behaviour. Unit CMH 302 Understand Mental Health Problems Outcome 2 Know the impact of mental ill health on individuals and others in their social network Assessment Criteria The learner can: 1. Explain how individuals experience discrimination due to misinformation, assumptions and stereotypes about mental ill health. 2. Explain how mental ill health may have
In other words, behaviors are controlled by whatever follows the behavior. In relation to psychopathology, it is our operant behaviors that effect who we are and our environment around us. These are considered our consequences, which then react again back unto us as a result of our behaviors. The overall goal is to help the client make the necessary changes in their behavior which can then provide better meaning and coping skills for the future. As the clinician, you will assess the behavior of the client and then define the problem behaviorally.
Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology PSY/410 Karen Wood University of Phoenix Psychological diagnostic procedures are currently defined by rule-based classifications that are strongly dependent upon symptom clusters; for example, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and are influenced by the medical model, which supports the concept of nosology. With this belief, psychological difficulties are viewed as pathological and therefore, questions are raised about what is “normal” and “abnormal” (Parpottas, (2012). This paper will examine the field of abnormal psychology; briefly examine the origins of abnormal psychology, including challenges to defining and classifying normal and abnormal behavior. This paper will also provide a brief overview of how abnormal psychology has evolved into a scientific discipline; finally this paper will briefly analyze the psychosocial, biological/medical, and sociocultural theoretical models related to the development of abnormal psychology. Challenges to defining abnormal behavior include the complexity, as it makes it difficult to form diagnostic categories for mental disorders that are both reliable and valid.
Finally, the theoretical models of the development of abnormal psychology such as biological, medical, sociocultural and psychosocial are all-encompassing to conclude this paper. In order to comprehend abnormal psychology, it is imperative to first recognize what we mean by the word "abnormal." Abnormal behavior usually occurs when people experience distress and prevents functioning throughout their daily lives. Although there are many definitions that come from the average or normal person, most of them have their disadvantages and advantages in relation to determination of abnormal psychology perspectives. Abnormality considers a person or people that deviate from the ideal or cultural standards of society.