Pendulum Investigation: Investigating Newton’s 2nd (and 3rd) Law of Planetary Motion Introduction: In this activity, a simple pendulum will be used to show Kepler’s 2nd (& 3rd) Law of Planetary Motion. A simple pendulum is a string with a constant length that is attached to a weight. One single swing of the pendulum from point A to point C and back to point A is called a period. During this investigation, you will observe how several variables affect the period of a single pendulum swing. Essential Questions: * How will the mass of an object affect the period of a single pendulum swing?
Physics 11 IB The Simple Pendulum Rajesh Swaminathan June 18, 2006 1 Aim To investigate the motion of a simple pendulum and to derive a value for g, the acceleration due to gravity. 2 Planning 2.1 Hypothesis By using other methods to determine the acceleration due to gravity g, the value of g should be close to 9.8 m/s2. 2.2 Procedure 1. Measure, record and average a reasonable number of measurements of the period T for 6 to 8 different lengths. 2.
Which surface is the smoothest? C. What is the best way to push a trolley? D. Why does the trolley stop after some distance? | Yesterday's Question | Class 4 | Maths Which of the following numbers comes between 798 and 978? A.
Pendulum Aim: To investigate the time for 1 oscillation for different lengths of pendulum and different masses for the pendulum bobs Hypothesis: The time taken for oscillation is proportional to the lengths of the pendulums Apparatus: * A retort stand * Strings * Masses( big, medium and small balls) * Metre ruler * Stopwatch Procedure: 1. Fix the iron stand on the bench 2. Hang the mass on the end of strings and the iron stand 3. Measure the lengths of pendulum with the metre rule 4. Displace the masses to cause oscillation 5.
Data: Procedure 1 m = .0657kg | M= .2426kg | y1= .059cm | Trial | p | y2 (m) | y2-y1 (m) | V (m/s) | Xvo (m/s) | 1 | 39⁰ | .145 | .087 | 1.31 | .315 | 2 | 38.5⁰ | .144 | .086 | 1.30 | .315 | 3 | 38.5⁰ | .143 | .084 | 1.28 | .311 | 4 | 38.5⁰ | .144 | .085 | 1.29 | .313 | 5 | 38.5⁰ | .144 | .085 | 1.29 | .313 | Our m is the mass of our ball and M is the mass of the pendulum just by itself. Our y1 is the distance from the table to the free hanging pendulum. To get V, we took the square root of 2g(y2-y1) which aided in calculating the initial velocity. The equation for Xvo was the mass of the ball plus the mass of the pendulum, divided by the mass of the ball all multiplied by the number we got for V. To get our y2 we measured the height of the pendulum
Determination of “g” by the use of a Pendulum This experiment is going to utilize a bob on the end of a string line to determine the value of little “g” by measuring the length of the string and the duration of time it takes for the bob to swing from one fulcrum point back to the same point after swinging 10 times. The justification for the bob swinging 10 times is to generate a more accurate measurement of time. To start the supplies that are required for this experiment are a stable stand for the string to be secured to. A minimum of a two yard line of string to that can be secured to the anchor and a bob and obviously a bob to be attached to the end of the string. We also need a stopwatch to measure the time duration and a measuring tool to determine the length of each experiment.
Measure the weight on the ruler and record it in the data table 7. Put the third mass in the spring and wait until it stops bouncing 8. Measure the weight on the ruler and record it in the data table 9. Repeat the measurement two to three time to get accuracy on the readings. Recording Raw Data: Mass/g (+/- 0.1) | (+/- 0.1) cm/1 | (+/- 0.1) cm/2 | (+/- 0.1) cm /3 | Average cm | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49.9 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.15 | 99.7 | 5 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 0.30 | 199.9 | 13.5 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 0.25 | 499.2 | 38.7 | 38.5 | 38.9 | 0.20 | Processed Raw Data: Force/newton’s | Average extension m | Error bar (+/-
Once done we then did the same thing but going counterclockwise. This gave us the Angles of Reflection. FromThe two Angles of Reflection we were able to calculate the average Angles of Reflection, listed in Table 1. For the Law of Refraction, we replaced the mirror with a Acrylic cylindrical lens. We rotated the ray table clockwise by increments of 10̊ again.
The spring will then oscillate up and down and a stopwatch will be used to measure the amount of time it takes the weight and spring system to stretch and recoil ten times. The purpose of measuring the spring ten times is to get a more accurate measurement of the duration of one oscillation by dividing the result by ten. To start the experiment the instructor secures the anchor to the table with a c-clamp that will hold the spring system. The weight of the spring is then determined and the weight of the steel ring. These measurements are critical as 1/3 of the weight of the spring is added to the total weight measurement.
Period of a Pendulum Question: What factors will affect the period of pendulum? Hypothesis and Background: Pendulum - A weight suspended from a pivot so that it can swing freely. Equilibrium Position - When the weight is hanging straight down. Amplitude - The angle of the weight from the equilibrium. Period - The length of time it takes for a cycle of some repeating event (like the swinging of pendulum) to occur.