Paradigm Shift in Individuals

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PARADIGM SHIFTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANISATIONS M J Xavier Professor of Marketing Indian Institute of Management Bangalore ABSTRACT A paradigm is a set of beliefs that are used to set boundaries and focus problem solving. A paradigm shift occurs whenever a new analytic framework changes the understanding of the way a system operates. In this article the paradigm shifts in the family system, political systems, man management, health care, information technology , human resource management, marketing, retailing and management education are discussed. Their implications to individuals and organisations are also elaborated. 1 PARADIGM SHIFTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANISATIONS We are in the midst of unparalleled change. New developments in science and technology have made many established theories out of date. New theories of the type put forward by great scientists like Newton and Galileo are reported more frequently. What was considered to be true and unalterable for centuries get changed several times in ones own lifetime. The shifts are so rapid that, Chan Heng Chee says there is today no ringing model anywhere in the world that has worked completely well. Science historian Thomas Kuhn observed that a paradigm shift occurs whenever a new analytic framework changes the understanding of the way a system operates. A paradigm is a set of beliefs that are used to set boundaries and focus problem solving. Kuhn’s paradigm-shift hypothesis has become influential beyond the worlds of pure science and academe. Business leaders today are routinely admonished to shift their paradigm or be left behind. The paradigm shifting is seen as the key to innovation or the pathway to progress. In this article we shall examine some of the key shifts that are occurring in the social and business environment and their

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