Lego Essay

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9 - 71 3 - 4 7 8 FEBRUARY 5, 2013 JAN W. RIVKIN STEFAN H. THOMKE DANIELA BEYERSDORFER LEGO (A): The Crisis In late 2004, Jørgen Vig Knudstorp faced the toughest challenge of his young career. A mere thirty-six years old, Knudstorp had recently been named CEO of the LEGO Group – a long successful toymaker with a world-renowned brand, but a company suddenly on the brink of financial collapse (Exhibit 1). If Knudstorp failed to make the right decisions, and fast, the LEGO Group would likely slip from the hands of its founding family and be swallowed up by one of the giant conglomerates that increasingly dominated the toy industry. Hard decisions faced Knudstorp at every turn. Should the LEGO Group fall back to the plasticbrick product lines that defined its past, or should it continue into the new product lines that many considered its future? Within the plastic-brick arena, should the company continue to make most of its own products, or should it shift to a contract manufacturer? Why was the Group running out of some products and awash in inventory of others? Why had complexity and costs risen so dramatically and made so many products unprofitable? Indeed, why was Knudstorp struggling to figure out which products were truly unprofitable and which made money? The Toy Industry As Knudstorp reflected on the LEGO Group’s crisis, he considered the evolution of the global toy market. The industry booked wholesale revenues of $61 billion in 2004. The retail market for toys grew at a steady pace of about 4% per year, but demand for specific fad toys could surge or collapse rapidly. Industry observers noted a few important trends. First, fad toys seemed to be rising and product life cycles declining, perhaps not surprising for an industry, as one journalist put it, “subject to the whims of [kids] who can’t decide which shoe to put on which foot.”1 Second, in many

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