Io in Prometheus Bound

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Io in Prometheus Bound Initially, the appearance of Io in Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound seems somewhat out of place. Her arrival is sudden and unexpected. As a result, the play has previously been described as “a drama of disproportions”. Barbara Hughes Fowler, in her paper for The American Journal of Philology, put forth that these disproportions exist “in the cosmos, in the souls of its inhabitants” (p.173) and are represented by the strong emphasis on “the tyranny of Zeus, the plight of Prometheus and the madness of Io” (p.179). In light of such a reading, the close relationship between the central antagonist, Prometheus, and the wandering figure of Io, two already disproportionate characters who meet under apparently coincidental circumstances, could be seen to represent yet another site of disparity in the drama. In more ways than one each of them acts as a foil to the other. Fowler states early on in her paper that “in memory and in prophecy [Prometheus] carries the drama far beyond action and its particular limits in space and time” (p.173). Prometheus, although he remains completely static throughout the entirety of the play, is still in a position of control. On the other hand, Io, who is not bound but is “maddened and forced to wander” (p.183), is unable to govern her own movements. Prometheus is seditious, and punished by Zeus for raging against him in almost constant defiance. In contrast, Io, who recognises Zeus as the cause of her sufferings, never makes any attempt at rebellion. They are, to an extent, each other’s opposite. However, rather than speculating that the relationship between Prometheus and Io is used as a mechanism for describing disproportion, Oliver Taplin, when analysing the exits and entrances that occur throughout the various works of Aeschylus, observed that Io’s dramatic leap into the action may be used to “set the main theme of
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