Do you agree with the view that, in terms of employment opportunities, women did not gain ‘any significant advantage from their wartime experience’? Many women, especially shorthand typists and munitions workers, earned for more than before the war and gained greater economic independence. Many women worked away from home were they experienced a sense of liberation from their restricted home lives. Trade unions initially opposed the dilution of labour but eventually recruited many more women. 350,000 women were in unions in 1914, but 600,000 by 1918.
a) Outline and Explain reasons for the growth in singlehood in the contemporary UK. [15] Singlehood in the UK has grown over the years, for example, women born between 1946 and 1950, only 7% remained unmarried, however women born between 1961 and 1965, 28% of women remained unmarried, with a similar trend for men. The growth for singlehood could be for a number of different reasons. People are now taking advantage of the new divorce law, and the changing views on singlehood. People are also expecting more from marriage, and women especially are choosing to live alone due to feminist views.
Much of the increased employment occurred in the years after 1940, and the 1940’s mark an apparent break with the past in terms of the women’s work. The participation rate in 1940 of the married women 35 to 44 years old was a little less but it increased in 1950 later on. In 1940’s it would appear, were a watershed in married women’s labor force participation. The timing of the initial advance in women’s employment and the extensive propaganda used to attract women into the labor force during the war, have led many to credit the World War II with spurring the modern increase in married women’s paid employment. The various explanations offered for the rise of married women’s paid employment still leave room for the impact of cataclysmic and unique events, such as World War II.
Firstly, employment for women throughout the war had a drastic improvement; many jobs became available for women to choose from. This was due to the gaps that men left in employment, after most of them went to war in 1914. Source A2 for example, clearly supports the interpretation that the number of jobs that women participated in increased from the years 1914 to 1918. This is because, the source is in the form of a bar graph which presents to bars, one representing the amount of women working in that job in 1914 and the other bar representing the amount of women working in that job in 1918. The types of employment included are Transport, Agriculture, Industry, Commerce, Civil Service, Hotels/Inns and Domestic Service).
Throughout this essay, there will be key opportunities and hardships as to what many groups of Americans had to experience during World War II. Women had very opportune advantages during World War II. Some of these opportunities included working in forces for the first time, working in defense plants, and filling in for men and their professions while they prepared for war. Working in defense plants offered woman more challenging work and better pay than jobs associated with women before the war, including waitressing, clerking, and domestic services. While the men were away at war, women took advantage of rare occasions (open jobs men were associated to) by taking jobs as journalists the way men previously were and etc.
They worked in textile mills and sweated trades (hat and dress making). Rich women had high status jobs compared to working and middle class. Their work consisted of bank work and teaching. The outbreak of World War 1 bought a major change to women’s work. The jobs that were previously done by men were now opened up to women.
The role of women before, after, and during World War II was very diverse to say the least but women's lives changed in many ways during World War II. Many women found their roles and opportunities and responsibilities expanded, as they did in previous wars. Husbands went to war or went to work in factories in other parts of the country, and the wives had to pick up their husbands' responsibilities. With fewer men in the workforce, women filled more traditionally-male jobs. In the military, women were banned from combat duty, so women were called on to fill some jobs that men had performed, to free men for combat duty.
Even if the New Deal was enough to satisfy the public need for helping Americans to climb out of a recession by helping workers through creating public works to reduce unemployed, Roosevelt’s cabinet let years go by paying less attention to minority groups, as mentioned, such as African-Americans and female workers. These issues about minorities had been at steak until the end of the century. In spite of the above defect, it cannot be denied that the New Deal had great achievements to its goal. A number of measures adopted by New Deal Administration have survived the challenging period of the time and have come to stay in society. The New Deal itself, especially WPA, created millions of jobs and sponsored public works projects that reached most of every countries in the nation.
Women of all color, during World War II, were able to have tons of freedom expansion and were able to create a new place in society for themselves. When the males of the families had to leave overseas to fight in the military, women were expected to take over the male jobs in factories and perform work other than household duties. These duties in the factories consisted of making munitions and war supplies. Women not only did jobs meant for men in factories, they also performed jobs outside of the factories. According to Sarah Killngsworth, “The war started and jobs kinda opened up for women that men had.
Some women went on to work in the factories. Others embraced the new job of sustaining the new no market values like love, friendship, and providing men with a shelter from the competitive market place. But ideas of gender roles had little to do with those women who worked the market place. They did the job even though they were not eligible for higher paying jobs. Not until after the civil war were they able to control their wages instead of their husbands.