How Does Martin Luther King Use Ethical Appeals

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The Greek philosopher Aristotle, student of Plato, identified three appeals to make a writer’s argumentative writing more effective. These appeals are divided into three main categories: emotional, logical, and ethical. When trying to focus on the emotions and values, emotional appeals are used, appeals to reason or logic are known as logical appeals, and appeals that support the credibility of the author are known as ethical appeals. Apparently the author of a “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, Martin Luther King Jr., is aware of these appeals, as he uses them effectively throughout the letter. The use of ethical appeals focuses on gaining the readers’ respect and trust and building the author’s credibility. There is a good example of an ethical appeal in the way the author addresses the letter, he says, “my dear fellow clergymen”…show more content…
There is an example of an emotional appeal when the author states that “For years now I have heard the word "Wait!" It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity” (168). When he is claiming that, after he listens to the word wait, it rings, the author is using figurative language to appeal to the audience, in this case the clergymen. Since the author is trying to create emotions and remind the readers of their values, it is an effective emotional appeal because it is making the readers realize how the author feels toward the situation and aiming to create a feeling of guilt on the reader, which I think accomplishes. Another example of an emotional appeal is when he exhibits how he has to tell a six-year-old girl that she can’t go to an amusement park that was advertised on television just because colored people are not allowed (168). The details that he gives about this claim make this an efficient emotional appeal using descriptive and concrete language to stir up readers’

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