Popular music began its entry into film scores after World War II. Until this time, most scores still characterized classical film scores with wall-to-wall music and a full orchestra. However, this slowly began to change. Before the 1940s, popular music was rejected due to the difficulty of applying it to the changing moods in films. However, with the growth of the New American Cinema Era, where this style of changing moods was replaced by a single, general mood, popular music became acceptable.
Music did evolve and change, but boundaries were never pushed to the point of where it invoked powerful emotions in the audiences it was played to. One of the most significant people to cross this boundary was Igor Stravinsky, with his opera The Rite of Spring. This work caused outrage and nearly a riot when it was first performed in 1913- mainly because it was completely different to anything that had been heard before. It experimented heavily with changing metre, dissonance and various changes in tonality that were unheard of at the time. With this being the beginning of the 20th century, it marked a turning point in music where composers could experiment with radical new ideas and techniques instead of
Long has the topic of music and its effects been argued, and some think that music may improve brain functions; others believe this to be untrue. Recently a theory known as The Mozart Effect, or the belief that there is a direct correlation between test scores and listening to classical music, has been a large topic of discussion. In 1993 the study that created The Mozart Effect was conducted at U.C. Irvine on a small group of college of students, the results were inconclusive, but the study caused a stir that is still being felt today. Large questions have been asked related to this topic; can music dictate a person’s mood, is classical music the only music that has beneficial effects on the brain, and whether or not music is a stimulant to the mind.
This is why studying the representation of politics in music very important when looking at any nation through a cultural perspective. Music is also important or its ability to evoke emotion and connect people. Music is the ultimate social expression and one need look no further than the music of a particular point in history to gain insight into the climate of the times. Germany is a country with a rich and volatile history, especially when one considers the political activities of Germany throughout World War 1 and World War 2. The political and social climate in Germany during the 20th century was one of growth and conflict.
Music has changed drastically over the past many years. People went from listening to records of classical music, to computer generated hip-hop. The huge change has to do with new technology being produced in the music industry. Besides just new production technology, there has been new methods invented to change the way we obtain and listen to music. We used to only be able to listen to music in our own houses, and now we could have hundreds of songs being carried in our pockets, ready to play at the touch of a button.
During the first half of the XXth century, Philips built National Organizations (NOs) throughout the globe and relied heavily on the strengths of each of them, giving them independence and power to react to market conditions, built their own technical capabilities and define their product development strategies. Philips had a Decentralized Federation structure where each NO managed its own resources, with a high level of innovation in products and self-sufficiency, but with poor managerial controls as the centralized ‘Product Divisions’ didn’t have as much power as each individual NO, which made relations complex in this organizational matrix. Since the 1970’s, Philips have made several attempts to reconfigure the way the company is structured in order to be more competitive in a market where all its competitors had more cost-efficient operations. Seven
However, the Dutch market was extremely small in size, and motivated Philips to expand into foreign markets like Japan, Canada and Russia. Philips also created joint ventures with local companies to gain market acceptance. The joint venture with General Electric made Philips transform from a highly centralized to a more decentralized company. The company started to expand its production line with products such as electric vacuum tubs and radios and started to capture a significant market share of 20 % in the world. During the post war era Philips gained success and the company was able to adapt to country-specific market conditions.
Later, at the Battle of Cambrai, they were to be used to much greater effect. Also, because the tank was new technology, soldiers did not know how to use them as not much training had been given. In order to succeed, the new technology had to be used to the greatest effect, which involved employing good tactics. However, these were slightly lacking on the British side. The tanks, which was a newly developed piece of machinery, could have been used much more effectively had the right tactics been applied.
While it is common to treat the new technology as a radical innovation, here we would talk about the radical innovation both in technical and economic sense. It means that the technology should not only be absolutely new, but also account for the former solution become noncompetitive. It is considered that the incumbent firms fail to implement the radical innovations and due to this lose in the competition to the new entrants. In fact history proves that before the World War II this was the case for the majority of the firms with only 22% of the radical innovations implemented by the existing market leaders. There are different approaches to explain this phenomenon, as originally it was seen that the incumbent firms had much more resources and capabilities to succeed in innovation (Schumpeter 1934).
As traditional art forms had become outdates due to industrialization. It seems like the term “modernism” has been a conflicting term in the academic world. This is because the term “modernism” acquires a different scope and penetration in each different academic discipline. The inception of modern music typically located at the close of the 19th century, while to talk modern in English literature is to focus upon a relatively highly influential body of work produced in the first two decades of the 20th century. In the history of art, on the other hand, the student of modernism can expect to run a gamut from the French painting of the 1860s to the American art of a century later and may even be directed as far back as the later 18th century (Modernism, 2003).